A mother asks, "Why does my infant have blue hands?".
He is just cold.
He may have been born with a heart problem.
The hands are always blue in a newborn.
The circulation in his hands is not fully developed.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale:
"He is just cold”. is not the correct choice. While newborns can have cold hands and feet due to their immature thermoregulation, it would not explain persistent blue hands.
Choice B rationale:
"He may have been born with a heart problem”. is not the correct choice as it suggests a congenital heart defect. While cyanosis (bluish discoloration) can be associated with some heart problems, the hands alone being blue is less likely to be solely related to a heart issue.
Choice C rationale:
"The hands are always blue in a newborn”. is not the correct choice. While newborns may have bluish extremities (acrocyanosis) during the first few days after birth due to their developing circulatory system, persistent blue hands beyond this period would require further assessment.
Choice D rationale:
The correct choice is that "The circulation in his hands is not fully developed.”. Newborns have a developing circulatory system, and sometimes, their peripheral circulation takes some time to mature, leading to transient blue hands. However, if the blue color persists or worsens, it's essential to evaluate for any underlying issues.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The liver's job related to bilirubin is not changing conjugated bilirubin to unconjugated. Conjugated bilirubin is the water-soluble form of bilirubin that is excreted in bile and urine. Unconjugated bilirubin, on the other hand, is the fat-soluble form, which is transported to the liver and conjugated to become water-soluble. The conversion goes from unconjugated to conjugated, not the other way around.
Choice B rationale:
The liver's job related to bilirubin is not the synthesis of vitamin K. The liver is responsible for synthesizing clotting factors, including factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X, but not vitamin K itself. Vitamin K is obtained from dietary sources or supplements and is essential for blood clotting.
Choice C rationale:
This choice is the correct answer. The liver's primary function related to bilirubin is changing unconjugated bilirubin to conjugated bilirubin. As mentioned earlier, unconjugated bilirubin is produced from the breakdown of heme in old red blood cells, and it needs to be processed in the liver to become water-soluble and eventually excreted in bile and urine.
Choice D rationale:
The liver's job related to bilirubin does not involve the removal of meconium. Meconium is the first stool passed by a newborn, and its elimination is unrelated to the liver's function in processing bilirubin.
Correct Answer is ["A"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The Moro reflex is a normal finding in newborns, including those born post-term. It is a primitive reflex that should be present and indicates a healthy neurological system.
Choice B rationale:
Vernix, a protective white substance that coats the skin in utero, is typically absent or minimal in post-term newborns due to its decreased production as gestation progresses. Therefore, it would not be expected in a post-term infant.
Choice C rationale:
Lanugo, the fine hair covering a newborn's body, is usually present in greater amounts in preterm infants. By the time a newborn is post-term, lanugo is typically sparse or absent, making it an unlikely finding.
Choice D rationale:
This maneuver assesses the flexibility of the newborn's joints. Post-term infants tend to have reduced flexibility and increased muscle tone, making this maneuver more difficult or restricted in this population.
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