Which sequence best describes the direction of blood flow through the heart and lungs?
Vena cava → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary vein → Lungs → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left atrium → Left ventricle.
Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Pulmonary artery → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Vena cava.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the lungs to the pulmonary artery, which is not accurate. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Choice B rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the pulmonary vein to the lungs, which is not accurate. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart.
Choice C rationale
This sequence correctly describes the direction of blood flow through the heart and lungs. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, goes to the right ventricle, then is sent to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. After picking up oxygen in the lungs, the blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary vein, entering the left atrium, then the left ventricle, from where it is pumped out to the rest of the body.
Choice D rationale
This sequence is incorrect because it suggests that blood goes from the pulmonary vein to the pulmonary artery, which is not accurate. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart, and the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Weight loss is often recommended as a first-line therapeutic approach to lowering blood pressure in patients diagnosed with essential hypertension. Excess weight can increase the strain on the heart and blood vessels, leading to higher blood pressure.
Choice B rationale
Regular physical activity is another important part of managing hypertension. Exercise can help lower blood pressure by improving heart health and reducing weight.
Choice C rationale
Beta-blockers, such as propranolol, are a type of medication used to treat hypertension. However, they are not typically the first choice for initial therapy unless the patient has a specific indication for this class of medication, such as heart failure or angina.
Choice D rationale
Decreasing sodium intake is another lifestyle change that can help lower blood pressure. Consuming too much sodium can cause the body to retain fluid, which can increase blood pressure.
Choice E rationale
Smoking cessation is also recommended for patients with hypertension. While smoking does not directly cause high blood pressure, it can damage blood vessels and increase the risk of heart disease.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Promoting a diet high in saturated fats is not a recommended strategy for preventing cardiovascular disease. Saturated fats can raise the level of cholesterol in your blood and increase your risk of heart disease and stroke.
Choice B rationale
Advising smoking cessation is a crucial intervention in preventing cardiovascular disease. Chemicals in tobacco can damage the heart and blood vessels, leading to narrowing of the arteries (atherosclerosis). Atherosclerosis can ultimately lead to a heart attack.
Choice C rationale
Regular blood pressure monitoring is important because high blood pressure is a significant risk factor for heart disease. It can cause the arteries that supply blood to your heart muscle to harden and narrow, leading to a heart attack.
Choice D rationale
Regular cholesterol screenings are essential because high levels of cholesterol can lead to the buildup of plaques in your arteries, increasing your risk of heart disease.
Choice E rationale
Encouraging regular physical exercise is a key strategy in preventing cardiovascular disease. Regular exercise helps control your weight and reduce your chances of developing other conditions that may put a strain on your heart, such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes.
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