Which of the following structures encloses the cytoplasm?
Plasma membrane
Golgi apparatus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Flagellum
The Correct Answer is A
A. The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, surrounds the entire cell and separates the cytoplasm from the external environment. It acts as a barrier, controlling the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
B. The Golgi apparatus is involved in modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids, but it does not enclose the cytoplasm. It is an internal organelle.
C. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in protein and lipid synthesis and forms a network within the cytoplasm, but it does not enclose it. It works within the cell's internal structure.
D. The flagellum is a tail-like structure used for cell movement in some cells, but it does not enclose the cytoplasm.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. The kidneys do not play a role in the chemical breakdown of protein. Their primary function is filtration and regulation of blood composition.
B. The mouth is where mechanical digestion (chewing) occurs, but chemical digestion of proteins does not begin there. Enzymes like amylase break down carbohydrates, not proteins.
C. The stomach is where protein digestion begins. The enzyme pepsin, activated by stomach acid (HCl), starts breaking down proteins into smaller peptides. This is the correct answer.
D. The small intestine continues the digestion of proteins, but the initial breakdown occurs in the stomach. The pancreas also releases digestive enzymes, including trypsin, to further digest proteins in the small intestine.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. A vesicle is involved in the transport of substances within or out of the cell via processes like endocytosis or exocytosis but does not directly permit ion passage across the membrane.
B. An enzyme catalyzes chemical reactions and is not directly involved in the transport of ions across the cell membrane.
C. A channel protein facilitates the passage of ions across the cell membrane, allowing specific ions to move in and out of the cell based on concentration gradients.
D. A lysosome is an organelle responsible for digesting and breaking down waste materials within the cell, not for ion transport across the membrane.
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