Which of the following statements accurately describes a characteristic of the newborn immune system?
Newborns are born with fully developed immune responses capable of independently fighting infections from birth.
Newborns have a mature gut microbiome that supports their immune system immediately after birth.
Newborns rely solely on their innate immune system without any contribution from maternal antibodies.
Newborns receive passive immunity through the placenta and colostrum, but their own immune system is not fully functional until several months of age.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Newborns are not born with fully developed immune responses. Their immune system is immature and continues to develop after birth. They rely on maternal antibodies for initial protection.
Choice B rationale
Newborns do not have a mature gut microbiome immediately after birth. The gut microbiome develops over time and is influenced by factors such as breastfeeding and exposure to the environment.
Choice C rationale
Newborns do not rely solely on their innate immune system. They receive passive immunity from maternal antibodies transferred through the placenta and colostrum, which provides initial protection against infections.
Choice D rationale
Newborns receive passive immunity through the placenta and colostrum, but their own immune system is not fully functional until several months of age. This passive immunity helps protect them from infections during the early months of life.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Microcephaly is not typically associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice B rationale
Polydactyly is a congenital condition involving extra fingers or toes and is not associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice C rationale
Caput succedaneum is a condition involving swelling of the scalp in a newborn and is not typically associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice.
Choice D rationale
Cephalohematoma is a collection of blood between a baby’s scalp and the skull bone. It is associated with an increased risk of unconjugated bilirubin and jaundice due to the breakdown of red blood cells in the hematoma. .
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice B rationale
Asymmetrical gluteal folds are a common sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). This occurs because the hip joint is not properly aligned, causing uneven skin folds.
Choice A rationale
An inwardly turned foot is not a sign of DDH. It may indicate a different condition such as clubfoot.
Choice C rationale
The absence of the Babinski sign is not related to DDH. The Babinski sign is a reflex test used to assess neurological function.
Choice D rationale
The absence of the stepping reflex is not related to DDH. The stepping reflex is a normal newborn reflex that disappears after a few months.
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