Which of the following describes the effect of air entering the pleural space?
Increases the vital capacity
Increases the residual capacity
Compresses the chest wall, causing the lung on the affected side to collapse
Compresses the lung, causing the lung on the affected side to collapse
The Correct Answer is D
A. Air entering the pleural space (such as in a pneumothorax) does not increase the vital capacity; rather, it reduces lung expansion and can decrease lung volumes.
B. Air in the pleural space does not increase the residual capacity. It may interfere with the normal functioning of the lungs and reduce the effective air exchange.
C. The pleural space is between the lung and the chest wall. When air enters this space (pneumothorax), it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse due to loss of the negative pressure that holds the lung expanded. It does not compress the chest wall.
D. When air enters the pleural space, it causes the lung on the affected side to collapse, as the air disrupts the negative pressure in the pleural cavity that keeps the lungs inflated. This results in a condition known as pneumothorax.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Intrinsic factor is a glycoprotein produced by the stomach that binds to vitamin B12 and facilitates its absorption in the small intestine, particularly in the ileum. This is the correct answer.
B. Bile salts are involved in the digestion and absorption of fats, not vitamin B12.
C. Pepsin is an enzyme in the stomach that aids in the digestion of proteins but is not involved in vitamin B12 absorption.
D. Amylase is an enzyme that helps break down carbohydrates, not involved in the absorption of vitamin B12.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While phagocytes can move to areas of damage, their primary function is not to clump together and adhere to tissues, but rather to engulf and digest foreign materials.
B. Phagocytes, such as macrophages and neutrophils, are specialized white blood cells that ingest and digest foreign pathogens, dead cells, and debris within damaged tissues. This is their main characteristic and function.
C. The release of histamine is typically associated with mast cells, not phagocytes. Histamine helps to initiate inflammatory responses, but phagocytes are involved in engulfing pathogens rather than releasing histamine.
D. Transporting oxygen from the lungs to tissues is the role of red blood cells, not phagocytes. Phagocytes are involved in immune defense, not oxygen transport.
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