Which of the following correctly describes the process of hearing?
Vibration of the eardrum is directly transmitted to the eighth cranial nerve, bypassing the inner ear structures.
Sound waves enter the ear canal and are converted to electrical impulses.
Vibration of the eardrum transmits through the bony ossicles to the perilymph in the inner ear, stimulating the eighth cranial nerve.
Sound is transmitted directly from the eardrum to the brain.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Vibration of the eardrum is not directly transmitted to the eighth cranial nerve, bypassing the inner ear structures. The vibrations from the eardrum are first transmitted through the ossicles (tiny bones in the middle ear) to the cochlea in the inner ear.
Choice B rationale
Sound waves enter the ear canal, but they are not directly converted to electrical impulses. The sound waves cause the eardrum to vibrate, and these vibrations are transmitted through the ossicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the eighth cranial nerve.
Choice C rationale
Vibration of the eardrum transmits through the bony ossicles to the perilymph in the inner ear, stimulating the eighth cranial nerve. This is the correct description of the process of hearing.
Choice D rationale
Sound is not transmitted directly from the eardrum to the brain. The sound-induced vibrations of the eardrum are transmitted through the ossicles to the cochlea, where they are converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the eighth cranial nerve.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Glaucoma is a condition that damages the eye’s optic nerve and can result in vision loss and blindness. However, it doesn’t cause a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of the eye.
Choice B rationale
Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. It’s caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina). But it doesn’t cause a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of the eye.
Choice C rationale
Macular degeneration is a medical condition which may result in blurred or no vision in the center of the visual field. But it doesn’t cause a cloudy, opaque area over the lens of the eye.
Choice D rationale
A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye that affects vision. Cataracts are very common in older people. Symptoms of cataracts include cloudy or blurry vision.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
0.9% sodium chloride, also known as normal saline, is an isotonic solution that is commonly used for hydration and to replace lost fluids. However, it does not provide any calories or nutrients, which are necessary for patients receiving TPN1.
Choice B rationale
Dextrose 10% in water (D10W) is the recommended solution to administer until the next TPN solution is available. This is a hypertonic fluid that provides dextrose to the patient, helping to maintain their blood glucose levels and reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.
Choice C rationale
3% sodium chloride is a hypertonic saline solution that is typically used to treat patients with severe hyponatremia (low sodium levels). It is not suitable as a replacement for TPN as it does not provide the necessary nutrients and can lead to hypernatremia (high sodium levels) if used inappropriately.
Choice D rationale
Lactated Ringer’s solution is an isotonic solution that is commonly used for fluid resuscitation in patients with significant fluid loss. While it does contain multiple electrolytes that mimic those found in plasma, it does not provide any calories or nutrients, making it unsuitable as a replacement for TPN1.
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