Which of the following clinical manifestations is commonly seen in osteoarthritis?
Warm and swollen joints
Morning joint stiffness lasting for several hours
Red, hot, and tender joints
Crepitus during joint movement
The Correct Answer is D
Crepitus, a crackling or grating sensation during joint movement, is a common clinical manifestation of osteoarthritis. It occurs due to the irregular surfaces of the joint caused by cartilage degeneration.
a. Warm and swollen joints are characteristic of inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
b. Morning joint stiffness lasting for several hours is typical of inflammatory arthritis conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis.
c. Red, hot, and tender joints are signs of inflammation and are more commonly seen in inflammatory arthritis conditions, not osteoarthritis.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The main characteristic of osteoarthritis is the gradual breakdown of joint cartilage, which leads to joint pain, stiffness, and loss of function. This breakdown occurs over time due to various factors such as aging, joint overuse, and mechanical stress.
a. Osteoarthritis is primarily a non-inflammatory condition. While some inflammation may occur in later stages, it is not the main characteristic of the disease. Inflammation of the synovial membrane is more characteristic of other types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
b. Formation of bony nodules in the joints is not a primary characteristic of osteoarthritis. It is more commonly seen in conditions like osteophytes, which are small, bony outgrowths that can develop around the joints in response to cartilage degeneration.
d. Overproduction of synovial fluid is not a characteristic of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is not primarily a disease of the synovial membrane, and excessive synovial fluid production is more characteristic of inflammatory joint conditions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Excessive physical activity and joint overuse can contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. Repetitive use and mechanical stress on the joints can lead to cartilage degeneration over time.
a. Osteoarthritis is primarily a non-inflammatory condition. Chronic inflammation of the synovial membrane is more characteristic of other types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis.
b. Osteoarthritis is not related to hyperactivity of the immune system. It is not an autoimmune disease, and the immune system is not involved in its pathogenesis.
c. Collagen is an essential component of joint cartilage. A deficiency of collagen would weaken the cartilage and contribute to joint degeneration. However, osteoarthritis is not primarily caused by collagen deficiency.
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