Which of the following chemicals is released by one type of immune cell to directly activate another type of immune cell?
Cytokines
Lysozymes
Perforin
Granzymes.
The Correct Answer is A
Cytokines are chemicals released by one type of immune cell to directly activate another type of immune cell.
They are small proteins that act as messengers between cells and play a key role in regulating the immune response.
Choice B. Lysozymes is not the correct answer because lysozymes are enzymes that break down bacterial cell walls and do not directly activate other immune cells.
Choice C. Perforin is not the correct answer because perforin is a protein that forms pores in the membranes of target cells and does not directly activate other immune cells.
Choice D. Granzymes is not the correct answer because granzymes are enzymes that enter target cells and trigger apoptosis (cell death) and do not directly activate other immune cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The best reason for the prolonged preservation of the body is that it was frozen in the cold temperature of the Alps shortly after he died and remained frozen until it was found.
Freezing can preserve a body by slowing down or stopping the decomposition process.
Choice A is not correct because the food that the person ate would not have contained toxins that killed the bacteria that would have otherwise destroyed the body.
Choice B is not correct because the arrow wound would not have caused blood to flow out of the body in a way that would have cleared enzymes that break down tissue from the body.
Choice D is not correct because ultraviolet rays at high altitude would not have caused all of the body’s molecules to be preserved.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of higher water concentration to an area of lower water concentration.
In a hypertonic solution, the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside the cell, so water flows out of the cell through aquaporins embedded in the plasma membrane to balance the concentration gradient.
Choice A. Facilitated diffusion is not correct because it is a type of passive transport that involves the movement of molecules across a membrane through specific transport proteins, but it does not specifically refer to the movement of water molecules.
Choice B. Active transport is not correct because it is a type of transport that involves the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient and requires energy in the form of ATP, but osmosis is a passive process that does not require energy.
Choice D. Diffusion is not correct because it refers to the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, but it does not specifically refer to the movement of water molecules.
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