Which of the following are premonitory signs of labor?
Choices:
Cervical dilation and effacement.
Swelling of the feet and ankles.
Nesting instinct.
Increase in maternal blood pressure.
Bloody show.
Increase in Braxton Hicks contractions.
Correct Answer : A,C,E,F
Choice A rationale
Cervical dilation and effacement indicate the body is preparing for labor by allowing the cervix to open and thin out for childbirth.
Choice B rationale
Swelling of the feet and ankles is common in pregnancy due to increased fluid retention but is not a specific sign of imminent labor.
Choice C rationale
The nesting instinct, a burst of energy and urge to prepare the home, often occurs as labor approaches, driven by hormonal changes.
Choice D rationale
Increase in maternal blood pressure may indicate preeclampsia, a pregnancy complication, but not a premonitory sign of labor.
Choice E rationale
Bloody show involves the discharge of mucus with blood from the cervix, signaling that labor is likely to begin soon.
Choice F rationale
Increase in Braxton Hicks contractions, or practice contractions, helps the uterus prepare for true labor by strengthening muscles.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The gate control theory suggests that pain perception is not uniform and can be modulated by non-painful stimuli, such as touch or temperature, influencing the pain pathways.
Choice B rationale
The theory emphasizes that pain perception can be influenced by external factors, including psychological and physical interventions, not solely confined to the brain.
Choice C rationale
Pain signals can be modulated by stimulating other sensory nerves. For instance, massage or heat can activate non-nociceptive fibers, blocking pain signals at the spinal cord level.
Choice D rationale
Pain perception is not solely determined by tissue damage. The gate control theory highlights the modulation of pain by psychological and physical factors, showing that pain is a complex experience.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Fetal lung maturity is typically assessed using amniocentesis or lecithin-sphingomyelin (L/S) ratio. Normal L/S ratio is 2: or greater.
Choice B rationale
Rh incompatibility is assessed using indirect Coombs test, not maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Normal Coombs test is negative.
Choice C rationale
Various markers of fetal well-being are assessed using biophysical profile or non-stress test, not maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein. Normal biophysical profile score is 8-10.
Choice D rationale
Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein is a screening test for neural tube defects such as spina bifida and anencephaly. Normal alpha-fetoprotein levels range from 10-150 ng/mL.
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