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Which of the following are common manifestations of encopresis? (Select All that Apply.)

Frequent, loose bowel movements

Abdominal pain or discomfort

Excessive thirst

Difficulty concentrating

Weight gain

Excessive flatulence

Soiling of underwear or clothing

Frequent urination

Blood in the stool

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,F,G

A. Encopresis is typically associated with constipation and fecal impaction, not frequent loose bowel movements.

B. Abdominal discomfort is common due to fecal retention.

C. Excessive thirst is not a symptom of encopresis.

D. Difficulty concentrating is not directly related to encopresis.

E. Weight gain is not a typical manifestation of encopresis.

F. Flatulence can occur due to retained stool and gas buildup.

G. Soiling is a hallmark feature of encopresis.

H. Frequent urination is not commonly associated with encopresis.

I. Blood in the stool is more indicative of other gastrointestinal conditions.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The 18-month-old shows signs of improving hydration status, evidenced by adequate wet diapers and food intake. This client is stable.

B. The adolescent with mild postoperative pain and preparing for discharge is stable and does not require immediate attention.

C. The toddler's low oxygen saturation (91%) and continued coughing indicate potential airway obstruction or impaired gas exchange, which requires immediate assessment and intervention to prevent respiratory failure.

D. Although the 6-year-old with asthma should be monitored, their last use of a rescue inhaler 16 hours ago suggests they are not in acute distress.

A. Age B. Body mass index (BMI) C. Vital signs D. Height E. Weight F. Routine laboratory tests

Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. While age is considered in growth charts, it is not an anthropometric measurement.

B. BMI is an important indicator of nutritional status and helps assess underweight, healthy weight, or overweight status.

C. Vital signs are not part of anthropometric measurements.

D. Height is a key anthropometric measure used to assess growth and development.

E. Weight is a fundamental anthropometric measure for assessing nutritional status.

F. Routine laboratory tests are not part of anthropometric measurements but may complement the assessment.

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Which of the following are common manifestations of encopresis? (Select All that Apply.)

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