Which instruction will the nurse plan to include in discharge teaching for a patient who was admitted with a sickle cell crisis?
Take a daily multivitamin with iron.
Restrict fluids to 2 liters per day.
Limit exposure to crowds.
Do not drink any caffeinated beverages.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Taking a daily multivitamin with iron is important for overall health, but it is not specifically related to preventing sickle cell crises. While maintaining proper nutrition is essential, it does not directly address the triggers or management of sickle cell crises.
Choice B reason: Restricting fluids to 2 liters per day is not appropriate for patients with sickle cell disease. In fact, maintaining adequate hydration is crucial to prevent sickling of red blood cells and reduce the risk of a sickle cell crisis. Restricting fluids could lead to dehydration, which can exacerbate the condition.
Choice C reason: Limiting exposure to crowds is an important instruction for patients with sickle cell disease. Crowded environments can increase the risk of infections, which can trigger a sickle cell crisis. By avoiding crowded places, patients can reduce their exposure to potential infections and help prevent crises.
Choice D reason: While avoiding caffeinated beverages is generally good advice for overall health, it is not specifically related to preventing sickle cell crises. Caffeine can cause dehydration, but the primary focus for preventing crises is maintaining proper hydration and avoiding infections.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Monitoring for signs of dehydration is essential because Mr. Carter's symptoms (fatigue, nausea, and jaundice) and laboratory results indicate acute hepatitis A, which can cause significant fluid loss due to nausea and reduced oral intake. Assessing hydration status ensures timely intervention to prevent complications such as hypovolemia. Additionally, high bilirubin levels and elevated liver enzymes suggest hepatic dysfunction, which may impair the body's ability to maintain fluid balance.
Choice B reason:
Educating Mr. Carter on proper hand hygiene is crucial to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A, which is highly contagious and spreads via the fecal-oral route. Since Mr. Carter has recently traveled to an area with poor sanitation, providing education on hygiene practices is an immediate priority to protect others. Proper handwashing with soap and clean water significantly reduces the risk of spreading the infection.
Choice C reason:
Encouraging a high-protein diet to repair liver damage is not appropriate during the acute phase of hepatitis A. Protein metabolism requires significant liver function, which is impaired in Mr. Carter’s case due to elevated ALT and AST levels. Emphasizing adequate hydration and balanced nutrition (without overloading the liver with protein) is more suitable. Dietary recommendations for hepatitis A focus on small, frequent meals and avoiding foods that burden liver function.
Choice D reason:
Administering intravenous antibiotics is unnecessary because hepatitis A is a viral infection, not bacterial. Antibiotics do not address viral infections and would not benefit Mr. Carter’s recovery. Supportive care, including hydration, rest, and symptom management, is the mainstay of treatment for viral hepatitis A.
Choice E reason:
Advising rest and limiting physical activity is vital to support Mr. Carter’s recovery. Fatigue and jaundice indicate that his liver is under significant strain, and rest helps reduce metabolic demands on the liver, allowing it to heal more effectively. Light activity may be reintroduced as symptoms improve, but physical exertion should be avoided during the acute phase.
Choice F reason:
Educating the patient about the need for lifelong hepatitis A vaccination is unnecessary because recovery from hepatitis A usually provides lifelong immunity. Vaccination is more relevant for individuals who are at risk and have not been exposed to the virus. Mr. Carter’s current care plan should focus on managing the acute phase of the disease and preventing transmission to others.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Cyanosis and hypertension are not typically associated with severe anemia. While anemia can lead to tissue hypoxia, cyanosis is more related to respiratory or cardiovascular problems, and hypertension is not a common consequence of anemia.
Choice B reason: Dysrhythmias and expiratory wheezing are not directly related to severe anemia. Dysrhythmias can occur in severe cases due to the heart's increased workload, but expiratory wheezing is generally associated with respiratory conditions like asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Choice C reason: Pulmonary edema and fibrosis are not linked to severe anemia. These conditions are related to heart failure, lung injury, or chronic lung diseases, rather than anemia.
Choice D reason: Dyspnea and increased heart rate are expected findings in a severely anemic patient. Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, occurs because the body is not getting enough oxygen due to the reduced number of red blood cells. The heart rate increases as a compensatory mechanism to deliver more oxygenated blood to the tissues.
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