To prevent autonomic dysreflexia, which nursing action would the home health nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who has paraplegia at the T4 level?
Use quad coughing to strengthen cough efforts.
Assist to plan a prescribed bowel program.
Support selection of a high-protein diet.
Discuss options for sexuality and fertility.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Quad coughing is a technique used to help patients with spinal cord injuries improve their coughing ability, but it does not directly prevent autonomic dysreflexia. While it is beneficial for respiratory health, it is not the primary intervention for preventing autonomic dysreflexia.
Choice B reason: Assisting to plan a prescribed bowel program is crucial in preventing autonomic dysreflexia. Bowel impaction is a common trigger for autonomic dysreflexia, and a regular bowel program helps to prevent constipation and ensure regular bowel movements, reducing the risk of this complication.
Choice C reason: Supporting the selection of a high-protein diet is important for overall health and nutrition, but it does not directly prevent autonomic dysreflexia. While proper nutrition is essential for patients with spinal cord injuries, it is not the primary intervention for preventing autonomic dysreflexia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Monitoring for signs of dehydration is essential because Mr. Carter's symptoms (fatigue, nausea, and jaundice) and laboratory results indicate acute hepatitis A, which can cause significant fluid loss due to nausea and reduced oral intake. Assessing hydration status ensures timely intervention to prevent complications such as hypovolemia. Additionally, high bilirubin levels and elevated liver enzymes suggest hepatic dysfunction, which may impair the body's ability to maintain fluid balance.
Choice B reason:
Educating Mr. Carter on proper hand hygiene is crucial to prevent the transmission of hepatitis A, which is highly contagious and spreads via the fecal-oral route. Since Mr. Carter has recently traveled to an area with poor sanitation, providing education on hygiene practices is an immediate priority to protect others. Proper handwashing with soap and clean water significantly reduces the risk of spreading the infection.
Choice C reason:
Encouraging a high-protein diet to repair liver damage is not appropriate during the acute phase of hepatitis A. Protein metabolism requires significant liver function, which is impaired in Mr. Carter’s case due to elevated ALT and AST levels. Emphasizing adequate hydration and balanced nutrition (without overloading the liver with protein) is more suitable. Dietary recommendations for hepatitis A focus on small, frequent meals and avoiding foods that burden liver function.
Choice D reason:
Administering intravenous antibiotics is unnecessary because hepatitis A is a viral infection, not bacterial. Antibiotics do not address viral infections and would not benefit Mr. Carter’s recovery. Supportive care, including hydration, rest, and symptom management, is the mainstay of treatment for viral hepatitis A.
Choice E reason:
Advising rest and limiting physical activity is vital to support Mr. Carter’s recovery. Fatigue and jaundice indicate that his liver is under significant strain, and rest helps reduce metabolic demands on the liver, allowing it to heal more effectively. Light activity may be reintroduced as symptoms improve, but physical exertion should be avoided during the acute phase.
Choice F reason:
Educating the patient about the need for lifelong hepatitis A vaccination is unnecessary because recovery from hepatitis A usually provides lifelong immunity. Vaccination is more relevant for individuals who are at risk and have not been exposed to the virus. Mr. Carter’s current care plan should focus on managing the acute phase of the disease and preventing transmission to others.
Correct Answer is ["133"]
Explanation
Step 1: First, we need to determine how many mL per hour the IV is administering. We know that 100 mL is administered over 45 minutes.
Step 2: Convert 45 minutes to hours. 45 minutes ÷ 60 minutes = 0.75 hours
Step 3: Calculate the flow rate in mL per hour. 100 mL ÷ 0.75 hours
Step 4: Perform the division. 100 ÷ 0.75 = 133.33
Step 5: Round to the nearest whole number. 133.33 rounds to 133.
Answer: The flow rate is 133 mL per hour.
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