Which finding indicates that a client receiving antiretroviral therapy is having an effective response?
Decreased surface antigens
Increased CD4 cells
Decreased killer T cells
Increased viral burden
The Correct Answer is B
A. Decreased surface antigens are more relevant to hepatitis B infection than to monitoring HIV treatment effectiveness.
B. Increased CD4 cells indicate an effective response to antiretroviral therapy, as CD4 cells are a key component of the immune system that HIV targets and destroys. Effective therapy allows CD4 counts to recover.
C. Decreased killer T cells (CD8 cells) would not be a desired effect; these cells help control viral infections, including HIV.
D. Increased viral burden (or viral load) suggests worsening of the infection, not improvement. Effective therapy should decrease the viral load.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Fever and cardiac dysrhythmias are not specific complications of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) therapy. While they can occur after a stroke or as a general response to illness, they are not the primary indicators of complications related to thrombolytic therapy.
B. An elevated blood pressure combined with a headache could indicate a hemorrhagic transformation, which is a serious complication after t-PA administration. Thrombolytic therapy increases the risk of bleeding, and these symptoms may signal intracranial hemorrhage.
C. A positive Babinski's sign (extensor plantar response) is often seen in stroke patients as a neurological finding, but it is not specifically an indication of a complication from t-PA therapy. It is more reflective of the brain injury or stroke itself rather than the medication.
D. Nausea and vomiting can be signs of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), which could result from hemorrhage following t-PA therapy. This is a critical sign that requires immediate evaluation to rule out complications such as bleeding.
E. A decreased level of consciousness is a significant red flag and may indicate cerebral hemorrhage or another serious complication related to the administration of t-PA. Monitoring for changes in neurological status is crucial following thrombolytic therapy.
Correct Answer is ["0.4"]
Explanation
Step 1: Desired dose = 2 mg
Step 2: Available concentration = 5 mg/mL
Step 3: Use the formula:
Volume to administer = Desired dose ÷ Concentration available
Step 4: Plug in the values:
Volume to administer = 2 mg ÷ 5 mg/mL = 0.4 mL
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