Which finding indicates that a client receiving antiretroviral therapy is having an effective response?

A. Tanning beds significantly increase the risk of developing skin cancer, particularly melanoma. The UV radiation from tanning beds is a known carcinogen, and frequent use can damage the skin's DNA, leading to an increased risk of skin cancer. This individual is at high risk and should definitely follow up for skin cancer screenings.
B. While freckles can be a sign of sun exposure, they are not necessarily indicative of a higher risk of skin cancer. However, it is important for this individual to monitor for any changes in freckles (such as size, shape, or color) and to perform regular self-exams.
C. While sun exposure should be minimized, the risk of skin cancer is lower at 8 AM when UV rays are less intense. That said, the individual should still take precautions like wearing sunscreen and protective clothing, but their risk is not as elevated as that of someone using tanning beds.
D. Tanning sprays do not expose the skin to harmful UV radiation, so they do not increase the risk of skin cancer. However, it's important to note that this individual should still be mindful of overall skin health.

A. Platelet count of 50,000 is low (normal is usually 150,000-450,000), and this can be associated with bone marrow depression caused by chemotherapy. However, bone marrow depression itself doesn't cause a fever directly. The low platelet count increases the risk of bleeding, but it wouldn't necessarily lead to a temperature elevation by itself.

B. Nausea and vomiting are common side effects of chemotherapy but are not directly related to bone marrow depression. Bone marrow depression typically affects the production of blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets), but nausea and vomiting are more directly associated with the chemotherapy agents themselves rather than the resulting bone marrow suppression.

C. A fever of 38.9°C (102°F) could indicate an infection, which is a serious risk for patients with bone marrow depression due to chemotherapy. The suppression of white blood cell (WBC) production from chemotherapy leads to neutropenia, leaving the patient more vulnerable to infections. A fever in this context is a medical emergency and requires immediate attention, as it may signify a bacterial or fungal infection, which could be life-threatening in an immunocompromised patient.

D. Alopecia (hair loss) is a well-known side effect of chemotherapy, but it is not a direct consequence of bone marrow depression. It is more related to the chemotherapy drugs affecting rapidly dividing cells, like those in hair follicles. While it is a common and distressing symptom, it is not an indicator of bone marrow function or depression.