Which client does the nurse recognize to have the greatest risk of an adverse reaction if prescribed potassium Penicillin G?

55-year-old woman with coronary artery disease

21-year-old college senior who is being treated for Streptococcus

23-year-old woman who recently delivered and has mastitis

65-year-old man with dehydration .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

55-year-old woman with coronary artery disease. While patients with coronary artery disease often have multiple comorbidities and may be on medications that could interact with Penicillin G, there is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions to Penicillin G in this population.

Choice B rationale

21-year-old college senior who is being treated for Streptococcus. Penicillin G is often used to treat Streptococcus infections. There is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions in this population unless the patient has a known allergy to penicillins.

Choice C rationale

23-year-old woman who recently delivered and has mastitis. Penicillin G can be used to treat mastitis, an infection of the breast tissue that results in breast pain, swelling, warmth, and redness. There is no specific increased risk of adverse reactions in this population unless the patient has a known allergy to penicillins.

Choice D rationale

65-year-old man with dehydration. Dehydration can affect kidney function, and Penicillin G is excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, patients with dehydration or any other condition that reduces kidney function are at a higher risk of adverse reactions to Penicillin G3.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Heparin does not actually thin the blood or make it less thick. Instead, it works by increasing the activity of antithrombin, a protein that inhibits blood clotting. This prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger.

Choice B rationale

Heparin does not dissolve clots or decrease the formation of platelets. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa, two key players in the blood clotting process.

Choice C rationale

This statement is accurate. Heparin does not thin the blood; instead, it prevents new clots from forming and existing clots from growing larger. It does this by increasing the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

Choice D rationale

Heparin does not decrease the number of platelets or make the blood flow more easily. Its primary action is to increase the activity of antithrombin, which in turn inactivates thrombin and factor Xa.

A. “This must be very difficult for you. I am here if you want to talk.”. B. “Can you tell me why you are so upset?” C. “I am sure everything will be alright. There is no need to cry.”. D. “You will recover.”.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

When a patient is informed about a serious diagnosis like breast cancer and the need for a mastectomy, it is common for them to experience a range of emotions, including sadness, fear, and anxiety. As a nurse, providing emotional support and creating a safe space for the patient to express their feelings is crucial. Offering to be there for the patient if they want to talk acknowledges their emotional distress and provides comfort.

Choice B rationale

Asking the patient why they are upset may come across as insensitive or dismissive. The patient has just received a life-changing diagnosis, and their emotional reaction is completely normal and expected. It’s important to provide support and empathy rather than questioning their feelings.

Choice C rationale

Telling the patient that everything will be alright and there is no need to cry may seem comforting, but it can actually invalidate the patient’s feelings. It’s important to acknowledge the patient’s emotions and allow them to express their feelings without judgment.

Choice D rationale

Telling the patient that they will recover may be seen as providing false reassurance. While it’s important to maintain hope, it’s also crucial to be honest and realistic with the patient about their diagnosis and treatment.

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Which client does the nurse recognize to have the greatest risk of an adverse reaction if prescribed potassium Penicillin G?

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis asks the nurse, “How does this blood thinner heparin work?” Which response is most accurate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

The physician has just informed a patient that they have breast cancer and will require a mastectomy. The nurse finds that the patient is crying. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Choice B rationale

Choice C rationale

Choice D rationale

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