Which adverse effect of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) will the nurse expect to assess in a hypertensive patient?
Insomnia
Bradycardia
Chest pain
Hyperkalemia
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: This is not an adverse effect of ACE inhibitors. Insomnia is a common side effect of stimulant medications, such as caffeine or amphetamine, which increase the activity of the central nervous system and cause difficulty falling or staying asleep.
Choice B reason: This is not an adverse effect of ACE inhibitors. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, usually below 60 beats per minute. ACE inhibitors do not cause bradycardia, but rather lower the blood pressure by blocking the formation of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor.
Choice C reason: This is not an adverse effect of ACE inhibitors. Chest pain is a sign of angina or myocardial infarction, which are caused by reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. ACE inhibitors can actually prevent or treat these conditions by improving the blood flow and reducing the workload of the heart.
Choice D reason: This is an adverse effect of ACE inhibitors. Hyperkalemia is a high level of potassium in the blood, which can cause cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness. ACE inhibitors can cause hyperkalemia by reducing the secretion of aldosterone, a hormone that regulates the sodium and potassium balance in the body.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Montelukast does not increase vessel permeability. It blocks the effects of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators that cause vessel permeability, bronchoconstriction, and mucus secretion. By blocking leukotrienes, montelukast reduces vessel permeability and inflammation.
Choice B reason: Montelukast reduces bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion. It blocks the effects of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators that cause bronchoconstriction and mucus secretion. By blocking leukotrienes, montelukast improves airflow and reduces asthma symptoms.
Choice C reason: Montelukast does not increase inflammation. It blocks the effects of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators that cause inflammation, bronchoconstriction, and mucus secretion. By blocking leukotrienes, montelukast reduces inflammation and prevents asthma exacerbations.
Choice D reason: Montelukast does not increase bronchoconstriction. It blocks the effects of leukotrienes, which are inflammatory mediators that cause bronchoconstriction, mucus secretion, and inflammation. By blocking leukotrienes, montelukast reduces bronchoconstriction and improves airflow.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Respiratory acidosis does not cause no change in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen. It causes a decrease in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen, which means that hemoglobin releases more oxygen to the tissues. This is known as the Bohr effect, which is a physiological response to low pH and high CO2 levels.
Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis causes a decrease in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen, which means that hemoglobin releases more oxygen to the tissues. This is the correct statement that describes the expected finding in this patient. The decrease in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen is a compensatory mechanism that tries to restore the oxygen balance in the body.
Choice C reason: Respiratory acidosis does not cause an increase in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen. It causes a decrease in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen, which means that hemoglobin releases more oxygen to the tissues. An increase in affinity of hemoglobin with oxygen would mean that hemoglobin holds on to oxygen more tightly, which would worsen the hypoxia in the patient.
Choice D reason: Respiratory acidosis does not cause a decrease in blood CO2. It causes an increase in blood CO2, which is the primary cause of the low pH. A decrease in blood CO2 would indicate respiratory alkalosis, which is a condition of high pH and low CO2 levels.
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