When Jo returns home, the nurse provides education about long-term complications. The nurse explains the importance of annual/yearly screenings, such as eye exams and...
Foot inspection
Serum creatinine (Cr)
Chest X-ray
White blood cell count (WBC)
Correct Answer : B,C
Choice A reason: Foot inspection is not an annual/yearly screening, but a daily self-care practice for people with diabetes. Foot inspection involves checking the feet for any signs of injury, infection, or ulceration, such as cuts, blisters, redness, swelling, or drainage. Foot inspection can help prevent or detect foot problems, such as neuropathy, ischemia, or infection, which can lead to amputation if left untreated. The nurse should teach Jo how to inspect his feet every day, and how to care for his feet, such as washing, drying, moisturizing, trimming nails, and wearing proper footwear.
Choice B reason: Serum creatinine (Cr) is an annual/yearly screening for people with diabetes. Serum creatinine is a blood test that measures the level of creatinine, a waste product that is filtered by the kidneys. Serum creatinine can indicate the kidney function, and detect kidney damage or disease, which is a common complication of diabetes. The nurse should explain to Jo that he needs to have his serum creatinine checked every year, and that he should keep his blood glucose and blood pressure under control, as these are the main risk factors for kidney problems.
Choice C reason: Chest X-ray is not an annual/yearly screening for people with diabetes, unless they have symptoms or risk factors for lung diseases, such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, or cancer. Chest X-ray is an imaging test that uses X-rays to produce pictures of the lungs and the chest cavity. Chest X-ray can help diagnose or monitor lung conditions, such as infections, inflammations, or tumors. The nurse should ask Jo about his history of smoking, exposure to environmental pollutants, or respiratory symptoms, such as cough, shortness of breath, or chest pain, and refer him to a doctor if he needs a chest X-ray.
Choice D reason: White blood cell count (WBC) is not an annual/yearly screening for people with diabetes, unless they have signs or risk factors for infections, such as fever, wounds, or immunosuppression. White blood cell count is a blood test that measures the number and types of white blood cells, which are the cells that fight infections and inflammation. White blood cell count can help diagnose or monitor infections, such as bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, or immune disorders, such as allergies, autoimmune diseases, or cancers. The nurse should assess Jo for any signs of infection, such as fever, chills, malaise, or pus, and advise him to seek medical attention if he has any.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Purplish streaks on the abdomen are also known as striae. They are caused by the thinning and weakening of the skin due to excess cortisol, a hormone that is elevated in Cushing syndrome. Striae are a common sign of Cushing syndrome, along with weight gain, moon face, and buffalo hump.
Choice B reason: Chronically low blood pressure is not associated with Cushing syndrome. Cushing syndrome can cause high blood pressure, due to the effects of cortisol on the cardiovascular system. Low blood pressure can be a sign of adrenal insufficiency, which is the opposite of Cushing syndrome.
Choice C reason: Bronzed appearance of the skin is not related to Cushing syndrome. Bronzed skin can be a sign of Addison's disease, which is a condition of low cortisol and low aldosterone. Addison's disease can cause hyperpigmentation of the skin, especially in the areas exposed to sun, such as the face, neck, and hands.
Choice D reason: Decreased axillary and pubic hair is also not related to Cushing syndrome. Cushing syndrome can cause increased hair growth, especially on the face, chest, and back. This is due to the androgenic effects of cortisol. Decreased hair growth can be a sign of hypothyroidism, which is a condition of low thyroid hormone.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: This statement is false. 3% Sodium Chloride is a hypertonic solution that can cause fluid overload, hypernatremia, and cellular dehydration. It is not indicated for a patient with nausea, vomiting, and Salmonella infection, who is likely to have fluid and electrolyte losses.
Choice B reason: This statement is false. Dextrose 10% in water is a hypotonic solution that can cause fluid shifts, hyponatremia, and cellular edema. It is not indicated for a patient with nausea, vomiting, and Salmonella infection, who is likely to have fluid and electrolyte losses.
Choice C reason: This statement is true. 0.9% Sodium Chloride with 40 mEq Potassium (KCl) is an isotonic solution that can maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. It is indicated for a patient with nausea, vomiting, and Salmonella infection, who is likely to have fluid and electrolyte losses, especially sodium and potassium.
Choice D reason: This statement is false. Lactated Ringers is an isotonic solution that can maintain fluid and electrolyte balance, but it also contains lactate, which can be converted to bicarbonate in the liver. It is not indicated for a patient with nausea, vomiting, and Salmonella infection, who may have metabolic acidosis due to diarrhea and lactate accumulation.
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