When administering topical medications, which is an important nursing action?

Encourage the patient to self-apply the medication.

Wear treatment gloves during the entire application process.

Change gloves between prepping the skin and applying the medication.

Perform effective hand hygiene before and after applying the medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

a) Encouraging self-application is beneficial in some cases, but it is not always appropriate. The nurse must ensure the medication is applied correctly and safely, especially if the patient has mobility or cognitive impairments.

b) Wearing treatment gloves is important when handling certain medications, but it is not required for all topical applications. Some medications, such as nitroglycerin ointment, require gloves to prevent nurse exposure, but others do not.

c) Changing gloves between skin preparation and medication application is not a universal requirement. In most cases, the same pair of gloves can be used unless contamination occurs.

d) Performing effective hand hygiene before and after applying the medication is the most essential action to prevent infection and cross-contamination.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

a) While knowing if the patient takes generic medications is useful, it is not the priority. Generic and brand-name drugs generally have the same active ingredients and effects.

b) Orphan drugs are used to treat rare diseases, but this is not a primary concern for most patients and does not directly impact medication safety in routine assessments.

c) Asking about medication safety during pregnancy is important if the patient is pregnant or could become pregnant, but it is not the primary concern for all patients.

d) Over-the-counter (OTC) medications can interact with prescribed medications, potentially leading to adverse effects or reduced efficacy. It is crucial to assess OTC use to ensure there are no dangerous drug interactions.

A. Bioavailability B. Pinocytosis C. Tachyphylaxis D. Protein binding

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

a) Bioavailability refers to the proportion of the drug that reaches systemic circulation when administered by a particular route. The oral route typically has lower bioavailability than the intravenous route due to the first-pass metabolism in the liver. Therefore, when switching from an IV form to an oral form, the dose often needs to be higher to achieve the same therapeutic effect.

b) Pinocytosis is a form of endocytosis where cells absorb fluids and small molecules. While important in drug absorption, it is not the reason why oral doses are higher than IV doses.

c) Tachyphylaxis is a rapid tolerance to a drug after its administration, often requiring higher doses over time, but it does not directly explain the need for a higher oral dose.

d) Protein binding refers to how drugs bind to proteins in the blood, which can affect their distribution. However, this is not the main reason why oral doses are higher than IV doses.

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When administering topical medications, which is an important nursing action?

Nursing Test Bank

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