When administering medications to infants, it is essential to remember which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Oral medications are contraindicated in infants.

Breastfeeding infants are more likely to develop toxicity when given lipid-soluble drugs.

Immaturity of renal function in infancy causes infants to excrete drugs less efficiently.

Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system.

Infants have immature livers, which slow drug metabolism.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

a) This is false because oral medications can be given to infants if they are in liquid form, have a suitable dose, and are administered with a dropper or syringe. However, oral medications should be given with caution and only when prescribed by a doctor.

b) This is false because lipid-soluble drugs are not easily passed into breast milk and do not affect breastfeeding infants. However, some drugs can be harmful to breastfeeding infants and should be avoided or used with caution by nursing mothers.

c) Immaturity of renal function in infancy affects drug excretion, potentially leading to prolonged drug effects and increased risk of toxicity.

d) Infants are more sensitive to medications that act on the central nervous system, and dose adjustments may be needed to prevent adverse effects.

e) Immature liver function in infants can slow down drug metabolism and elimination, leading to a higher risk of drug accumulation and toxicity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) Sildenafil and finasteride can both lower blood pressure, and concomitant use may increase the risk of hypotension.

B) Nitroglycerin use is a contraindication for sildenafil due to the risk of severe hypotension.

C) Benign prostatic hypertrophy alone may not be a contraindication for sildenafil use.

D) Mild hypertension alone may not be a contraindication for sildenafil, but it should be considered in the overall assessment of cardiovascular health.

A. Increasing the excretion of morphine sulfate by altering serum pH. B. Preventing activation of opioid receptors through antagonist actions. C. Regulating the sensitivity of opioid receptors by neurochemical alterations. D. Countering the effects of morphine sulfate by agonist actions.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

a) Naloxone does not increase the excretion of opioids by altering serum pH; its primary action is at the receptor level.

b) Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist, meaning it blocks or prevents the activation of opioid receptors. This is how it counteracts the effects of opioids like morphine.

c) Naloxone does not regulate the sensitivity of opioid receptors by neurochemical alterations. Its action is more direct as an antagonist.

d) Naloxone is not an agonist; it does not produce opioid-like effects. Instead, it competes with opioids for receptor binding and blocks their effects.

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When administering medications to infants, it is essential to remember which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who has erectile dysfunction asks a nurse whether sildenafil would be a suitable medication. Which aspect of this client's history would be of most concern?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Naloxone is effective because of which action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is obtaining a history from a client who discloses daily use of St. John's Wort in addition to prescription drugs. Which effect of this dietary supplement would most concern the nurse?

A pregnant client stopped using her routine asthma medications because she doesn't want to harm her baby. Which of the following is true regarding asthma medication use during pregnancy?

Which of these findings would cause the nurse to hold the administration of oral metoprolol 25 mg?

A client who reports routine consumption of more than three alcoholic beverages per day asks about taking acetaminophen when needed for occasional recurrent pain. What will the nurse tell the client?

A 50-year-old postmenopausal client who has had a hysterectomy has moderate to severe hot flashes and is discussing estrogen therapy with the nurse. What will the nurse tell the client regarding the side effects of estrogen therapy?

A client is started on warfarin therapy. Identify the appropriate nursing implications associated with this medication. (Select all that apply.)

The nurse is talking with a new mother about medications that can be safely resumed now that she is no longer pregnant. All the following medications are contraindicated during pregnancy, but which one may be ingested while breastfeeding without causing known infant harm?

A client with an infection is being treated with vancomycin. The nurse providing care reviews the client's laboratory reports and notes that the client's blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels are newly elevated. What would be the appropriate nursing intervention?