What is the primary cause of diabetes insipidus (DI)?
Overproduction of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
Hypersecretion of aldosterone.
Impaired function of the thyroid gland.
The Correct Answer is B
Diabetes insipidus is primarily caused by the hyposecretion or inadequate release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin. ADH is responsible for regulating water balance by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Overproduction of ADH would lead to excessive water reabsorption and concentrated urine, which is not characteristic of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Hypersecretion of aldosterone would lead to sodium retention and increased fluid volume, which is not characteristic of diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Impaired function of the thyroid gland would lead to thyroid-related disorders, not diabetes insipidus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Clients with diabetes insipidus should maintain a balanced and adequate diet to ensure proper nutrition and hydration. While fluid intake may need to be monitored, severe fluid restriction is not typically necessary.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Avoiding all sources of dietary sodium is not a standard dietary recommendation for diabetes insipidus. Sodium balance is important for overall health.
b. This choice is incorrect. There is no specific indication for a high-protein diet in the management of diabetes insipidus.
c. This choice is incorrect. Limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day may not be appropriate for all clients and should be based on individual needs and medical guidance.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) can be caused by trauma or injury to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland, which disrupts the production or release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Other causes of CDI include tumors, infections, and certain medications.
Incorrect choices:
a. This choice is incorrect. Excessive fluid intake can lead to increased urine output, but it is not a cause of CDI.
b. This choice is incorrect. Kidney dysfunction is not a common cause of central diabetes insipidus.
d. This choice is incorrect. Hypersecretion of aldosterone would lead to sodium retention and increased fluid volume, which is not characteristic of central diabetes insipidus.
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