What is the most likely cause of respiratory distress syndrome in a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes?

Increased deposits of fat in the chest and shoulder area.

Hyperinsulinemia.

Brachial plexus injury.

Increased blood viscosity.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Increased deposits of fat in the chest and shoulder area are not typically associated with respiratory distress syndrome in a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
Choice B rationale
Hyperinsulinemia is a condition in which there are excess levels of insulin circulating in the blood. In the case of a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes, the baby’s pancreas may produce extra insulin in response to the mother’s high blood glucose levels. This excess insulin can delay surfactant production, which is needed for lung maturation, leading to respiratory distress syndrome.
Choice C rationale
Brachial plexus injury is a type of birth injury that can occur due to the baby’s large size and difficulty being born. However, it is not the most likely cause of respiratory distress syndrome in a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
Choice D rationale

Increased blood viscosity can occur in newborns of mothers with poorly controlled diabetes due to polycythemia (an abnormally high number of red blood cells). However, this is not the most likely cause of respiratory distress syndrome in a term macrosomic newborn.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Elevated blood pressure is a key sign of preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, often the liver and kidneys.
Choice B rationale
Increased urine output is not typically associated with preeclampsia. In fact, decreased urine output may be a sign of kidney problems associated with severe preeclampsia.
Choice C rationale
Vaginal discharge is common during pregnancy and is not typically associated with preeclampsia.
Choice D rationale
Joint pain is not typically associated with preeclampsia.

A. Transverse palmar creases B. Muscular hypertonicity C. Protruding tongue D. Large ears E. Low birth weight

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

The correct answers are A. Transverse palmar creases and C. Protruding tongue.

Choice A rationale:

Transverse palmar creases, also known as a single palmar crease, are a common characteristic of Down syndrome. This feature is present in many individuals with the condition.

Choice B rationale:

Muscular hypertonicity (increased muscle tone) is not typical in Down syndrome. Instead, individuals with Down syndrome often have hypotonia (decreased muscle tone).

Choice C rationale:

A protruding tongue is a common characteristic of Down syndrome. This is due to a combination of factors, including a small oral cavity and low muscle tone.

Choice D rationale:

Large ears are not a typical feature of Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome often have small or unusually shaped ears.

Choice E rationale:

Low birth weight is not specifically associated with Down syndrome. While some infants with Down syndrome may have low birth weight, it is not a defining characteristic.

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What is the most likely cause of respiratory distress syndrome in a term macrosomic newborn whose mother has poorly controlled type 2 diabetes?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who is pregnant for preeclampsia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client requires further evaluation for this disorder?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

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