What is a primer in DNA sequencing?
A short piece of double-stranded DNA that binds to the template DNA and acts as a "starter" for the polymerase.
A short piece of double-stranded DNA that binds to the primer and acts as a "starter" for the template.
A short piece of single-stranded DNA that binds to the template DNA and acts as a "starter" for the polymerase.
A short piece of single-stranded DNA that binds to the polymerase and acts as a "starter" for the template.
The Correct Answer is C
A primer is a short single-stranded DNA fragment used in certain laboratory techniques, such as the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
In the PCR method, a pair of primers hybridizes with the sample DNA and defines the region that will be amplified.
Choice A) A short piece of double-stranded DNA that binds to the template DNA and acts as a “starter” for the polymerase is incorrect because primers are single-stranded, not double-stranded.
Choice B) A short piece of double-stranded DNA that binds to the primer and acts as a “starter” for the template is incorrect because it does not make sense for a primer to bind to itself.
Choice D) A short piece of single-stranded DNA that binds to the polymerase and acts as a “starter” for the template is incorrect because primers bind to the template DNA, not to the polymerase.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Granzymes are a family of serine proteases that are stored in and secreted from the cytotoxic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells.
They work in synergy with perforin, a pore-forming toxin, to induce apoptosis in target cells.
Perforin is necessary for the delivery of granzyme B to the target cell cytosol where caspase-dependent and -independent pathways to apoptosis are activated.
Perforins (choice A) are pore-forming toxins that work in synergy with granzymes to induce apoptosis in target cells.
Cytokines (choice B) are signaling molecules that regulate immune responses but do not directly induce apoptosis in target cells.
Interferons (choice D) are a type of cytokine that play a role in immune responses but do not directly induce apoptosis in target cells.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The purpose of submitting a study for publication in a peer-reviewed journal is to have the study’s methodology, results, and conclusions evaluated by other experts in the field.
This process helps to ensure the quality and validity of the research. Choice B.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will guarantee acceptance of the study’s conclusions is incorrect because publication in a peer-reviewed journal does not guarantee acceptance of the study’s conclusions.
The study’s findings may still be subject to debate and further research. Choice C.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal is unnecessary for this type of study is incorrect because publication in a peer-reviewed journal is an important step in the scientific process for all types of studies.
Choice D.
Publication in a peer-reviewed journal will lead to the manipulation of the study’s results is incorrect because the peer-review process is designed to prevent manipulation of results by ensuring that the study meets rigorous standards for quality and validity.
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