The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?

Kaposi's Sarcoma

Candidiasis stomatitis

Cryptosporidiosis

Meningitis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Kaposi's Sarcoma is a cancer commonly associated with AIDS, characterized by purple or brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. It is linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) and is often seen in immunocompromised individuals.

B. Candidiasis stomatitis involves oral or esophageal thrush, presenting as white patches rather than purple or brown lesions.

C. Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection causing severe diarrhea but does not manifest as skin lesions.

D. Meningitis can cause neurological symptoms and systemic infection but does not present with purple or brown skin spots.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While lung injury could occur in traumatic situations, it is not the primary reason for mechanical ventilation in the context of a spinal cord injury.

B. A history of smoking may affect lung health but does not directly justify the immediate need for mechanical ventilation following a spinal cord injury.

C. The nerves that control lung function may be injured in a cervical spinal cord injury, particularly at higher levels like C3-C5, leading to respiratory muscle paralysis and necessitating mechanical ventilation to support breathing.

D. While unconsciousness may complicate breathing, the primary concern is the loss of function in the spinal cord nerves controlling respiration.

A. Abnormal sensory sensations including tingling of the skin B. Yellowing of the skin C. Severe itching of the eyes D. Is in a drowsy confused state after a seizure

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Abnormal sensory sensations such as tingling may be associated with the aura phase of a seizure but are not typically observed postictally.

B. Yellowing of the skin is usually indicative of jaundice, unrelated to seizure activity or the postictal state.

C. Itching of the eyes is unrelated to seizure activity and would not typically be documented in the context of postictal observations.

D. The postictal state is characterized by drowsiness, confusion, and other altered mental statuses that follow a seizure. This period can vary in duration depending on the patient and seizure type.

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The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient presents to the emergency department with a cervical spinal cord injury immediately after a motor vehicle crash. What should the nurse explain to the family as the reason for the patient being placed on mechanical ventilation? The:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient is admitted to the Emergency Department (ED). The nurse documents "postictal upon transfer" as evidenced by which observation?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is assigned a patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Which type of precaution should be used when providing direct care?

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