The patient diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) states that they have developed purple, brown spots on their body. Which opportunistic infection does the nurse suspect?
Kaposi's Sarcoma
Candidiasis stomatitis
Cryptosporidiosis
Meningitis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Kaposi's Sarcoma is a cancer commonly associated with AIDS, characterized by purple or brown lesions on the skin and mucous membranes. It is linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) and is often seen in immunocompromised individuals.
B. Candidiasis stomatitis involves oral or esophageal thrush, presenting as white patches rather than purple or brown lesions.
C. Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection causing severe diarrhea but does not manifest as skin lesions.
D. Meningitis can cause neurological symptoms and systemic infection but does not present with purple or brown skin spots.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A pH within the normal range, a PaCO2 within the normal range, and an improved PaO2 level suggest effective treatment for an asthma attack, indicating adequate gas exchange and resolution of respiratory distress.
B. A pH of 7.52 and low PaCO2 suggest respiratory alkalosis, which can occur with hyperventilation and may indicate overventilation rather than effective asthma treatment.
C. This result shows elevated PaCO2 and borderline low PaO2, indicating ongoing respiratory acidosis and hypoxia, suggesting the treatment is not yet effective.
D. This ABG result shows low pH, indicating acidosis, and a low bicarbonate level, which may indicate metabolic acidosis rather than effective asthma management.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Frequent passive range of motion exercises are crucial for preventing complications of immobility, such as contractures and pressure ulcers, and to promote circulation in patients with spinal cord injuries.
B. While coughing and deep breathing exercises are important for respiratory health, they should be performed more frequently than once per shift in patients with reduced mobility to prevent respiratory complications.
C. Turning the patient every 4 hours may not be adequate to prevent pressure ulcers; typically, patients should be turned at least every 2 hours.
D. Patients with a complete spinal cord injury at C7 typically lack the ability to ambulate, making this intervention inappropriate.
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