The nurse who is providing instructions to a client with hypertension will stress that it is most important to:
increase calcium in the diet.
obtain blood pressure checks twice a year.
monitor weight on a weekly basis.
get regular physical activity.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Increasing calcium in the diet is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Calcium is a mineral that helps maintain bone health and muscle contraction, but it does not have a significant effect on blood pressure. The nurse should advise the client to limit sodium, fat, and alcohol intake, and to eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Choice B reason: Obtaining blood pressure checks twice a year is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. This frequency is too low for a client who has a chronic condition that requires close monitoring and treatment. The nurse should advise the client to check their blood pressure regularly, preferably at home, and to report any abnormal readings to their health care provider.
Choice C reason: Monitoring weight on a weekly basis is not the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Weight is a factor that can influence blood pressure, but it is not the only one. The nurse should advise the client to maintain a healthy weight and to lose weight if they are overweight or obese, but not to focus on the scale alone.
Choice D reason: Getting regular physical activity is the most important instruction for a client with hypertension. Physical activity can lower blood pressure by strengthening the heart, improving blood circulation, reducing stress, and preventing or managing other risk factors, such as obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol. The nurse should advise the client to engage in moderate aerobic exercise for at least 30 minutes a day, five days a week, and to consult their health care provider before starting any new exercise program.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is incorrect. Traveling to cities where the oxygen level is lower, such as high-altitude areas, can trigger a sickle cell crisis by reducing the amount of oxygen in the blood. People with sickle cell anemia should avoid such places or take precautions such as using supplemental oxygen¹².
Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Strenuous exercise does not prevent sickle cell crisis, but rather can cause it by increasing the body's oxygen demand and dehydration. People with sickle cell anemia should avoid overexertion and rest frequently during physical activity¹³.
Choice C reason: This is incorrect. Flying on commercial airlines is not prohibited for people with sickle cell anemia, as long as they stay hydrated and avoid alcohol and caffeine. However, some people may need to use supplemental oxygen during flights, especially if they have a history of acute chest syndrome or pulmonary hypertension¹⁴.
Choice D reason: This is correct. Drinking plenty of fluids when outside in hot weather is important for people with sickle cell anemia, as dehydration can cause the red blood cells to sickle and block blood vessels. Staying hydrated can help prevent or reduce the severity of sickle cell crises¹⁵.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Withholding the dose and reassessing the blood pressure in 30 minutes is not the most appropriate action at this time. Furosemide is a drug that reduces fluid retention and swelling by increasing the urine output. ¹ The client has pulmonary congestion, which means that there is excess fluid in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing and low oxygen levels. ² Delaying the administration of furosemide may worsen the client's condition and increase the risk of complications, such as pulmonary edema or heart failure.
Choice B reason: Calling the healthcare provider to obtain an order for oral furosemide is not the most appropriate action at this time. Oral furosemide is a tablet that is swallowed and absorbed by the digestive system. ¹ It takes longer to act than intravenous (IV) furosemide, which is injected directly into the bloodstream. ¹ The client has pulmonary congestion, which requires immediate treatment to relieve the fluid accumulation in the lungs. Switching to oral furosemide may delay the therapeutic effect and compromise the client's outcome.
Choice C reason: Administering the medication and notifying the healthcare provider of the blood pressure is the most appropriate action at this time. Furosemide is a drug that reduces fluid retention and swelling by increasing the urine output. ¹ The client has pulmonary congestion, which means that there is excess fluid in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing and low oxygen levels. ² Administering IV furosemide can help remove the excess fluid from the lungs and improve the client's breathing and oxygenation. However, furosemide can also lower the blood pressure by reducing the volume of fluid in the blood vessels. ¹ The client already has low blood pressure, which can cause dizziness, fainting, or shock. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider of the blood pressure and monitor the client for any signs of hypotension or adverse reactions.
Choice D reason: Administering the dose and continuing to monitor the vital signs is not the most appropriate action at this time. Furosemide is a drug that reduces fluid retention and swelling by increasing the urine output. ¹ The client has pulmonary congestion, which means that there is excess fluid in the lungs, causing difficulty breathing and low oxygen levels. ² Administering IV furosemide can help remove the excess fluid from the lungs and improve the client's breathing and oxygenation. However, furosemide can also lower the blood pressure by reducing the volume of fluid in the blood vessels. ¹ The client already has low blood pressure, which can cause dizziness, fainting, or shock. The nurse should not only monitor the vital signs, but also notify the healthcare provider of the blood pressure and report any changes or concerns.
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