The nurse teaches the client that fiber provides the bulk in the stools to allow for easier defecation. The nurse recognizes that teaching is effective when the client's menu choices include more:

white meats and breads.

red meats and milk.

fats and bran.

fruits and vegetables.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. White meats and breads: While white meats and breads may be part of a balanced diet, they do not contribute significant amounts of dietary fiber. White bread, in particular, is often lower in fiber compared to whole grain varieties.

B. Red meats and milk: Red meats and milk are good sources of protein and calcium but do not provide significant amounts of dietary fiber. While milk products contain some lactose, a type of sugar that may have a mild laxative effect in some individuals, they are not considered primary sources of fiber.

C. Fats and bran: While bran is a good source of dietary fiber, consuming excessive amounts of fats is not recommended for promoting regular bowel movements. While some fats may be necessary in the diet, they should be consumed in moderation.

D. Fruits and vegetables: This is the correct answer. Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of dietary fiber, including both soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber helps soften stools, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool, facilitating easier defecation. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables in the diet can significantly increase fiber intake and promote regular bowel movements.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Type of diet: While the type of diet may be relevant to the overall health and well-being of the older adult client, it may not directly contribute to understanding the change in mental status. While nutritional deficiencies or imbalances could potentially impact mental status, other factors are more immediately relevant to assessing the change in mental status.

B. Cultural considerations: Cultural considerations are important in providing holistic care to the older adult client, but they may not directly contribute to understanding the change in mental status. Cultural factors could influence communication styles, beliefs about health and illness, and preferences for care, but they may not be the primary focus when assessing a change in mental status.

C. Gender: Gender may have some relevance to the overall health and well-being of the older adult client, but it may not directly contribute to understanding the change in mental status. While certain gender-related factors, such as hormonal changes or gender-specific health conditions, could potentially impact mental health, they may not be the primary focus when assessing a change in mental status.

D. History of onset: This represents a critical thinking approach because understanding the history of onset of the change in mental status is essential for identifying potential causes and determining appropriate interventions. The timing and circumstances surrounding the onset of the change can provide valuable information about possible contributing factors, such as recent illnesses, medication changes, trauma, or environmental changes. By gathering information about the history of onset, the nurse can engage in critical thinking to formulate hypotheses, prioritize assessments, and develop a plan of care tailored to the client's needs.

A. Na+ 150 mEq/L B. Cl-95 mEq/L C. K+3.7 mEq/L D. HCO3-26 mEq/L

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The elevated serum sodium (Na+) level of 150 mEq/L validates the symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea in the client. Vomiting and diarrhea lead to fluid loss and dehydration, resulting in an increased serum sodium concentration due to the loss of water from the body. Hypernatremia (elevated serum sodium) is consistent with dehydration resulting from prolonged vomiting and diarrhea. An elevated sodium level is indicative of hypertonic dehydration, where water loss exceeds electrolyte loss, leading to increased serum sodium concentration

B. Cl-95 mEq/L: Chloride (Cl-) is an electrolyte often lost in cases of vomiting and diarrhea due to the loss of gastric secretions and chloride-rich fluids. A chloride level of 95 mEq/L is slightly lower than normal (normal range: 96-106 mEq/L), which suggests mild chloride depletion.

C. K+3.7 mEq/L: Potassium (K+) levels within the normal range (3.5-5.0 mEq/L) do not necessarily validate symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. While potassium loss can occur in cases of prolonged vomiting and diarrhea, the potassium level provided falls within the normal range.

D. HCO3-26 mEq/L: Bicarbonate (HCO3-) levels within the normal range (22-29 mEq/L) do not necessarily validate symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea. Elevated bicarbonate levels may indicate metabolic alkalosis, which can occur as a compensatory mechanism in response to acid loss through vomiting or diarrhea, but this value alone does not confirm the symptoms.

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The nurse teaches the client that fiber provides the bulk in the stools to allow for easier defecation. The nurse recognizes that teaching is effective when the client's menu choices include more:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An older adult client experiences a change in mental status. Which assessment finding represents a critical thinking approach?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse assesses a client admitted with a history of vomiting and diarrhea for 5 days. Which laboratory value validates the symptoms of the client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The client reports to the nurse that their bowel movements are hard & difficult to pass. Which of the medications taken by the client most likely contributed to this problem? A/An:

The nurse is caring for a client who trips and falls over a trash can left in the path to the bathroom. Which is part of an appropriate charting entry?

The nurse is caring for a client with a fluid volume deficit and hypovolemia. What actions can the nurse take without a physician's order?

The nurse is completing an admission assessment. The client reports a 2-day history of hematuria. Which term describes this assessment finding?

The nurse teaches the client that fiber provides the bulk in the stools to allow for easier defecation. The nurse recognizes that teaching is effective when the client's menu choices include more:

The nurse is caring for a client who expresses concerns about sexual orientation. When using the PLISSIT model, which step will the nurse take first?