The nurse is caring for a client who has kidney disease. The client has urinated 250 mL over the past 24 hours. The nurse describes this urine output as:

polyuria.

retention.

oliguria.

anuria.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Polyuria: Polyuria refers to abnormally large volume of urine output, typically exceeding 2.5 to 3 liters per day in adults. It is often associated with conditions such as diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, or certain medications that increase urine production. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours does not meet the criteria for polyuria.

B. Retention: Urinary retention refers to the inability to completely empty the bladder, leading to accumulation of urine. It is characterized by difficulty initiating urination or incomplete bladder emptying. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours does not indicate urinary retention.

C. Oliguria: Oliguria is defined as diminished urine output, typically less than 400 mL per day in adults. It is a common sign of kidney dysfunction or acute kidney injury. Urinating 250 mL over 24 hours falls within the range of oliguria, indicating decreased urine production compared to normal.

D. Anuria: Anuria is the absence of urine production or excretion, typically defined as urine output less than 100 mL per day. It is often indicative of severe kidney dysfunction, renal failure, or obstruction of the urinary tract. While the client's urine output of 250 mL over 24 hours is low, it does not meet the criteria for anuria.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Tell him that he shouldn't feel embarrassed, saying that there are more people than we know who feel this way: While offering reassurance and normalization of the client's feelings may be well-intentioned, it may not address the client's immediate needs or provide tangible support. Additionally, assuming that "more people than we know" feel this way may not be accurate and could potentially invalidate the client's experience.

B. Provide information about support groups and other community resources for questioning and/or transgender people: This is the correct response. Providing information about support groups and community resources acknowledges the client's feelings and offers practical assistance in accessing additional support and resources. It demonstrates empathy, validation, and a commitment to assisting the client in finding the help and support they need.

C. Suggest that the client seek mental health care for medication to help him deal with his anxiety: While mental health care may be beneficial for addressing anxiety related to gender identity concerns, suggesting medication as the first line of treatment may not be appropriate without a comprehensive assessment by a mental health professional. Additionally, focusing solely on medication overlooks the importance of psychosocial support and other interventions.

D. Share with him that your nephew has experienced this, and tell him about that outcome: Sharing personal anecdotes may not be helpful in this situation, as it could potentially detract from the client's experience and needs. Each individual's experience with gender identity is unique, and the client may benefit more from information about professional resources and support groups.

A. white meats and breads. B. red meats and milk. C. fats and bran. D. fruits and vegetables.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. White meats and breads: While white meats and breads may be part of a balanced diet, they do not contribute significant amounts of dietary fiber. White bread, in particular, is often lower in fiber compared to whole grain varieties.

B. Red meats and milk: Red meats and milk are good sources of protein and calcium but do not provide significant amounts of dietary fiber. While milk products contain some lactose, a type of sugar that may have a mild laxative effect in some individuals, they are not considered primary sources of fiber.

C. Fats and bran: While bran is a good source of dietary fiber, consuming excessive amounts of fats is not recommended for promoting regular bowel movements. While some fats may be necessary in the diet, they should be consumed in moderation.

D. Fruits and vegetables: This is the correct answer. Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of dietary fiber, including both soluble and insoluble fiber. Soluble fiber helps soften stools, while insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool, facilitating easier defecation. Including a variety of fruits and vegetables in the diet can significantly increase fiber intake and promote regular bowel movements.

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The nurse is caring for a client who has kidney disease. The client has urinated 250 mL over the past 24 hours. The nurse describes this urine output as:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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