The nurse reinforces teaching to the patient on left heart failure (HF). The nurse would evaluate the patient as understanding if the patient stated which of these occurs to blood flow through the heart?

Blood backs up from the left atrium.

Blood backs up from the left ventricle.

Blood backs up from the right ventricle.

Blood backs up from the right atrium.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A Reason:In left HF, the left ventricle fails to pump blood forward efficiently, leading to congestion in the pulmonary circulation. As a result, blood backs up into the left atrium, causing symptoms such as pulmonary edema, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Left atrial enlargement may occur due to this backup of blood.

Choice B Reason:In left HF, blood does not back up from the left ventricle. Instead, the left ventricle itself is weakened and unable to propel blood effectively into the systemic circulation.

Choice C Reason:Blood backing up from the right ventricle is associated with right heart failure, not left HF. Right HF occurs when the right ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently, leading to congestion in the systemic venous circulation.

Choice D Reason:Blood backing up from the right atrium is also related to right heart failure. In left HF, the primary issue is congestion in the pulmonary circulation due to left ventricular dysfunction.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) requires informed consent, as it is a significant medical procedure involving anesthesia and induced seizures. Informed consent is a process where a patient is fully informed about the procedures and risks involved in a treatment and voluntarily agrees to it.

Choice B reason: Nurses cannot share information with a client's family without the client's permission due to confidentiality laws, except in specific circumstances defined by law. Patient information is protected under the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), which requires patient consent for disclosure.

Choice C reason: Patients have the right to refuse medication. This right is part of the patient's autonomy and informed consent process. A mentally competent adult can refuse treatment, even if it may result in serious illness or death.

Choice D reason: The use of restraints in mental health facilities is highly regulated. Restraints may only be used when necessary to prevent immediate harm to the patient or others and must be discontinued as soon as the risk of harm has subsided.

A. Ask the client if she has a plan to commit suicide. B. Notify the client's family and request a visitor to stay with the client until thoughts of suicide are gone. C. Recognize the attempt at manipulation and escort the client back to her activity. D. Assist the client to her room and allow her to rest before resuming activity.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Directly asking the client about suicidal plans is a critical step in assessing risk and determining the need for immediate intervention.

Choice B reason: While involving the family is important, it does not address the immediate risk the client may pose to herself.

Choice C reason: Recognizing the statement as a manipulation attempt is inappropriate; all expressions of suicidal ideation should be taken seriously.

Choice D reason: Allowing the client to rest does not address the immediate risk of suicide and the need for urgent assessment and intervention.

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The nurse reinforces teaching to the patient on left heart failure (HF). The nurse would evaluate the patient as understanding if the patient stated which of these occurs to blood flow through the heart?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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