The nurse provides a client with a dose of the beta-selective adrenergic agonist isoproterenol. Which assessment finding indicates the medication is effective?

A. Atropine is an anticholinergic medication that increases heart rate by blocking vagal effects on the heart, making it the first-line treatment for symptomatic bradycardia.

B. Cholestyramine is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol levels and does not have any effects on heart rate.

C. Inamrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used in heart failure for inotropic support but is not specifically indicated for bradycardia management.

D. Milrinone is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor used for heart failure but does not address bradycardia directly.

A. By directly relaxing vascular smooth muscle is not how lisinopril primarily works; it does not act directly on smooth muscle but rather affects hormonal pathways.

B. By blocking aldosterone from binding to mineralocorticoid receptors is a secondary effect of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors but not the primary action of lisinopril itself.

C. By blocking the movement of calcium ions into arterial smooth muscles describes the action of calcium channel blockers, not ACE inhibitors like lisinopril.

D. By inhibiting the transformation of angiotensin I to angiotensin II is the correct answer because lisinopril inhibits the ACE enzyme, reducing the production of angiotensin II, which lowers blood pressure and decreases strain on the heart.