The nurse is teaching a patient with a new ostomy about skin care to preserve tissue integrity. What teaching will the nurse provide about cleansing the ostomy area?

The correct answer is choices A, C, and E.

1. Stool is hard and has a consistency of small marbles is a sign of constipation.
2. Bowel sounds that are hyperactive in all four quadrants are an indication of diarrhea rather than constipation.
3. Client reports they have not had a bowel movement for the past 4 days supports the diagnosis of constipation.
4. Client reports urgency when needing to have a bowel movement is more indicative of diarrhea than constipation.
5. Client states they have to strain hard when having a bowel movement is a sign of constipation.

The correct answer is choice B. When interviewing a newly admitted patient, the nurse can best exhibit cultural competence by asking open-ended questions that show an interest in and respect for the patient's cultural background. The question "What types of food do you eat for meals?" (choice B) is an open-ended question that allows the patient to provide information about their cultural food preferences and dietary needs. By asking this question, the nurse can gain insight into the patient's cultural background and develop a plan of care that is respectful of their cultural beliefs and practices.

In contrast, the questions "Do you think you will be able to eat the food we have here?" (choice A) and "Do you understand we can't prepare special meals?" (choice C) may be perceived as insensitive or dismissive of the patient's cultural background. These questions do not take into account the patient's cultural preferences and needs, and may make the patient feel marginalized or disrespected. The question "Why can't you just eat our food while you are here?" (choice D) is confrontational and may be perceived as judgmental or dismissive of the patient's needs. Therefore, the best question to exhibit cultural competence when interviewing a newly admitted patient is an open-ended question that shows an interest in and respect for the patient's cultural background, such as "What types of food do you eat for meals?" (choice B).