The nurse is teaching a patient, newly diagnosed with primary hypertension, about the recommended blood pressure range needed to prevent organ damage. Which range, chosen by patient, indicates that the teaching was successful?

Systolic BP between 120 and 160 mmHg

Diastolic BP between 70- and 99-mm Hg

Diastolic BP between 60- and 79-mm Hg

Systolic blood pressure between 90 to 120 mm Hg

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Systolic BP between 120 and 160 mmHg:
While this range represents a moderate level of blood pressure control, it may not be optimal for preventing organ damage in individuals with primary hypertension. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) between 120 and 160 mmHg is considered elevated and may still increase the risk of cardiovascular complications over time. While it's not dangerously high, it's not within the recommended range for preventing organ damage associated with hypertension.

B. Diastolic BP between 70- and 99-mm Hg:
This range for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) is relatively broad and encompasses normal to elevated levels. While DBP between 70 and 99 mmHg is generally considered within the normal to prehypertensive range, it may not fully reflect the target range recommended for preventing organ damage in individuals with hypertension. The upper limit of 99 mmHg is higher than the optimal target range for preventing hypertension-related complications.

C. Diastolic BP between 60- and 79-mm Hg:
This range represents the optimal target for diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in individuals with hypertension. Keeping DBP between 60 and 79 mmHg is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events and end-organ damage. It aligns with current guidelines for blood pressure management and reflects successful teaching regarding the recommended range needed to prevent organ damage in patients with primary hypertension.

D. Systolic blood pressure between 90 to 120 mm Hg:
This range represents the optimal target for systolic blood pressure (SBP) in individuals with hypertension. Maintaining SBP between 90 and 120 mmHg is associated with the lowest risk of cardiovascular events and complications. It aligns with current guidelines for blood pressure management and reflects successful teaching regarding the recommended range needed to prevent organ damage in patients with primary hypertension.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. Pedal edema: Amlodipine, a calcium channel blocker, can cause peripheral edema as a side effect due to its vasodilatory effects on arterioles. This can manifest as swelling, particularly in the feet and ankles.

B. Muscle cramps: Muscle cramps are a known side effect of amlodipine. While the mechanism is not fully understood, calcium channel blockers like amlodipine can disrupt calcium ion flux in muscle cells, potentially leading to muscle cramping.

C. Dizziness: Dizziness is a common side effect of amlodipine, particularly during the initial period of treatment or when dosage adjustments are made. It is believed to be related to its vasodilatory effects and subsequent lowering of blood pressure.

D. Sexual dysfunction: Sexual dysfunction, including erectile dysfunction, has been reported as a side effect of amlodipine in some patients. The exact mechanism is not well understood but may be related to alterations in blood flow or neurohormonal effects.

E. Bradycardia: Bradycardia (slow heart rate) is not a typical side effect of amlodipine. Amlodipine primarily acts as a vasodilator and does not typically affect heart rate. In fact, it may cause reflex tachycardia (increased heart rate) in some individuals as a compensatory response to its vasodilatory effects.

A. Injection of drugs B. Semen C. Fecal-oral D. Blood

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Injection of drugs:
Hepatitis E is not primarily spread through the injection of drugs. While injection drug use can increase the risk of hepatitis B and C transmission, hepatitis E is typically spread through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated water or food.

B. Semen:
Hepatitis E is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route and is not commonly spread through semen. Sexual transmission of hepatitis E is rare compared to other types of viral hepatitis, and the primary mode of transmission is ingestion of contaminated food or water.

C. Fecal-oral:
The fecal-oral route is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis E. This means that the virus is spread through ingestion of food or water contaminated with fecal matter containing the virus. Poor sanitation and hygiene practices are common risk factors for hepatitis E transmission.

D. Blood:
Unlike hepatitis B and C, hepatitis E is not primarily transmitted through blood exposure. While transmission through blood transfusions or organ transplants has been reported in some cases, the main mode of transmission for hepatitis E is ingestion of contaminated food or water.

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The nurse is teaching a patient, newly diagnosed with primary hypertension, about the recommended blood pressure range needed to prevent organ damage. Which range, chosen by patient, indicates that the teaching was successful?

Nursing Test Bank

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