The nurse is providing discharge instructions to the caregiver of an infant with recurrent otitis media. Which statement made by the caregiver should the nurse recognize as needing additional education about minimizing subsequent infections?
Instill benzocaine otic drops regularly.
Avoid any smoking inside the house.
Give infant the full course of antibiotics.
Schedule visit for pneumococcal vaccine.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Instilling benzocaine otic drops regularly is not a recommended practice for preventing or treating otitis media. Benzocaine is a topical anesthetic that can temporarily relieve ear pain, but it does not address the underlying cause of the infection. Moreover, benzocaine can cause allergic reactions, skin irritation, or methemoglobinemia, a condition that reduces the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. The nurse should instruct the caregiver to avoid using benzocaine otic drops unless prescribed by a health care provider.
Choice B reason: Avoiding any smoking inside the house is a good practice for preventing otitis media. Smoking can irritate the respiratory tract and impair the function of the cilia, the hair-like structures that help clear mucus and bacteria from the middle ear. Smoking can also increase the risk of respiratory infections, allergies, and asthma, which are associated with otitis media. The nurse should praise the caregiver for avoiding smoking and encourage them to maintain a smoke-free environment for the infant.
Choice C reason: Giving the infant the full course of antibiotics is a necessary practice for treating otitis media. Antibiotics can help eliminate the bacteria that cause the infection and reduce the inflammation and pain in the middle ear. However, antibiotics should be used only when prescribed by a health care provider, and the caregiver should follow the instructions carefully. The nurse should remind the caregiver to give the infant the exact dose of antibiotics at the right time and for the entire duration of the treatment, even if the symptoms improve.
Choice D reason: Scheduling a visit for pneumococcal vaccine is a preventive measure for otitis media. Pneumococcal vaccine can protect the infant from the most common strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a bacterium that causes otitis media and other serious infections. The vaccine is recommended for all children under 2 years of age, and it is given in four doses at 2, 4, 6, and 12 to 15 months of age. The nurse should verify the infant's immunization status and advise the caregiver to follow the recommended schedule for the pneumococcal vaccine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Autonomy is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Autonomy is the stage that occurs from 18 months to 3 years of age, when the child develops a sense of independence and self-control. The conflict in this stage is between autonomy and shame and doubt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client's parents about how to support their child's autonomy and avoid overprotection or criticism.
Choice B reason: Identity is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Identity is the stage that occurs from 12 to 18 years of age, when the adolescent develops a sense of self and personal identity. The conflict in this stage is between identity and role confusion. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to cope with the psychosocial challenges of having a chronic condition and how to maintain a positive self-image and self-esteem.
Choice C reason: Industry is the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Industry is the stage that occurs from 6 to 11 years of age, when the child develops a sense of competence and achievement. The conflict in this stage is between industry and inferiority. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to manage their diabetes and how to acquire the skills and knowledge needed for self-care and health promotion.
Choice D reason: Initiative is not the stage of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that the nurse is addressing when teaching this client about insulin injections. Initiative is the stage that occurs from 3 to 6 years of age, when the child develops a sense of initiative and creativity. The conflict in this stage is between initiative and guilt. The nurse may address this stage when teaching the client about how to express their feelings and opinions about their diabetes and how to participate in decision-making and problem-solving.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Showing indifference to verbal stimulation is not a specific sign of ASD. Some children may have hearing problems, language delays, or other developmental issues that affect their response to verbal cues. However, the nurse should still assess the child's hearing and language skills and refer them to a specialist if needed.
Choice B reason: Having a history of temper tantrums is not a specific sign of ASD. Many children have tantrums as a normal part of their emotional development, especially when they are frustrated, tired, or hungry. However, the nurse should still evaluate the frequency, intensity, and duration of the tantrums and provide guidance to the parents on how to manage them.
Choice C reason: Stroking the hair of a handheld doll is not a specific sign of ASD. This behavior may indicate that the child has a preference for tactile stimulation, which is common among children. It may also show that the child has an attachment to the doll, which is a positive sign of social development.
Choice D reason: Performing odd repetitive behaviors is a specific sign of ASD. These behaviors may include rocking, spinning, hand flapping, lining up objects, or repeating words or sounds. These behaviors are often used by children with ASD to cope with sensory overload, anxiety, or boredom. They may also interfere with the child's learning and social interaction. The nurse should request a follow-up for a possible ASD diagnosis and provide support to the child and the parents.
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