The nurse is performing intake interviews at a psychiatric clinic. A client with a known history of drug abuse reports having had a heart attack four years ago. Use of which substance places the client at highest risk for myocardial infarction?
Alcohol.
Benzodiazepine.
Methamphetamine.
Marijuana.
The Correct Answer is C
A. While excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to cardiovascular issues, including heart attacks, methamphetamine abuse is associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction due to its potent sympathomimetic effects on the cardiovascular system.
B. Benzodiazepines primarily affect the central nervous system and are not typically associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction.
C. Methamphetamine use is known to cause significant cardiovascular effects, including increased heart rate, blood pressure, and vasoconstriction, which can lead to myocardial infarction.
D. While marijuana use can have cardiovascular effects, it is generally less potent in its cardiovascular effects compared to methamphetamine.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"c"},"D":{"answers":"A"},"E":{"answers":"A"}}
Explanation
Numbness: Rape-trauma syndrome: Numbness can be a symptom of the acute phase of rape trauma syndrome, where individuals may experience emotional detachment or a sense of being emotionally overwhelmed.
- Poor decision making: Alcohol intoxication: Poor decision making is a common symptom of alcohol intoxication due to impaired judgment and cognitive function caused by alcohol consumption.
- Crying: occurs in both alcohol intoxication and rape-trauma syndrome. Crying is a common emotional response during the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome as individuals may experience intense feelings of sadness, fear, or helplessness. Crying may also occur in individuals experiencing alcohol intoxication, especially if they become emotionally overwhelmed or as a result of disinhibition caused by alcohol consumption.
- Disbelief: Disbelief or denial is a typical reaction in the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome as individuals may struggle to come to terms with the reality of the traumatic event. - Irritability: Irritability can result from alcohol intoxication due to its effects on mood regulation and inhibition.
- Difficulty concentrating: Difficulty concentrating is a common symptom of alcohol intoxication due to its sedative effects on cognitive function. Individuals in the acute phase of rape-trauma syndrome may also experience difficulty concentrating as a result of heightened emotional arousal and intrusive thoughts related to the traumatic event.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Episodic intervals of pruritus (itching) may suggest a dermatological condition or irritation of the scalp, but they do not directly indicate that the hair loss is not disease-related.
B. Erythema (redness) of the localized lesions may suggest inflammation or irritation but does not necessarily indicate that the hair loss is not disease-related.
C. Ecchymotic blood accumulations (bruising) suggest trauma or repeated pulling at the hair, which is not typically associated with disease-related causes. This finding can indicate a behavioral issue, such as trichotillomania (a compulsive hair-pulling disorder), where physical damage to the scalp can result in bruising and bald patches. The presence of ecchymosis supports a mechanical, non-disease-related cause of hair loss.
D. Evidence of patches of lost hair alone does not confirm whether the hair loss is disease-related or non-disease-related. Patches of hair loss can occur with both behavioral conditions (e.g., trichotillomania) and diseases (e.g., alopecia areata, fungal infections).
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