The nurse is following up with a male client diagnosed 3 months ago with erectile dysfunction who attempted lifestyle modifications as the first line of treatment.
The client reports having continued symptoms.
The nurse should discuss which of the following types of treatment with the client next?

Medications.

Negative-pressure devices.

Penile injections.

Penis transplant.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Medications, such as phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors (e.g., sildenafil), are typically the next line of treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED) after lifestyle modifications fail. These agents enhance blood flow to the penile tissues during sexual stimulation by inhibiting the breakdown of cyclic guanosine monophosphate, facilitating erectile function.

Choice B rationale

Negative-pressure devices, also known as vacuum erection devices, are considered third-line treatments and are typically used in clients for whom oral medications are contraindicated or have failed. These devices work by mechanically increasing blood flow to the penis but are less effective than pharmacological interventions.

Choice C rationale

Penile injections, such as alprostadil, are invasive and used as a later option when oral medications and devices are unsuccessful or contraindicated. These injections directly relax the smooth muscle to increase penile blood flow, but they are generally not first-line treatments.

Choice D rationale

Penis transplants are experimental and not recognized as a standard treatment for erectile dysfunction. This option is far from practical or feasible and is considered unsuitable for most clients, especially given the complexity of the condition.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Chronic renal failure results in decreased erythropoietin production, leading to anemia due to poor red blood cell production, not the vitamin B12 deficiency seen in pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia specifically results from the lack of intrinsic factor causing B12 deficiency.

Choice B rationale

Pregnancy may cause iron-deficiency anemia due to increased iron demands, not pernicious anemia. Pernicious anemia stems from intrinsic factor deficiency, unrelated to pregnancy physiology. Iron supplementation is required in pregnancy-induced anemia, not B12.

Choice C rationale

A high-fat, high-protein diet does not inherently affect vitamin B12 absorption. Pernicious anemia results from the deficiency of intrinsic factor or issues with B12 absorption, not dietary composition. This individual is not at increased risk based on diet alone.

Choice D rationale

Gastric bypass surgery can disrupt intrinsic factor secretion due to altered gastric mucosa. Intrinsic factor is essential for vitamin B12 absorption in the ileum, and its deficiency directly contributes to the development of pernicious anemia in post-gastric bypass patients. .

A. Constant erythema and warmth in the legs. B. Decreased discomfort when the legs are elevated. C. Discomfort in the legs during exercise that is relieved when the client rests. D. Peripheral pulses are bounding when the legs are in the dependent position.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Constant erythema and warmth are more characteristic of venous insufficiency or inflammation, rather than peripheral artery disease. PAD is associated with reduced blood flow and tissue perfusion, leading to symptoms like pallor, coolness, and pain rather than persistent redness and warmth in affected areas.

Choice B rationale

Elevating the legs worsens ischemic pain in PAD by further reducing blood flow. Symptoms typically improve when the legs are in a dependent position due to gravity aiding perfusion. This is a key distinguishing feature in PAD compared to other vascular conditions like venous insufficiency.

Choice C rationale

Discomfort in the legs during exercise relieved by rest, known as intermittent claudication, is a hallmark of PAD. It occurs due to inadequate blood supply during increased activity. Rest restores perfusion and alleviates ischemic pain. This symptom reflects underlying arterial obstruction, a core pathophysiological feature of PAD.

Choice D rationale

Peripheral pulses in PAD are diminished or absent due to arterial obstruction. Bounding pulses in dependent positions suggest venous issues or high cardiac output, not arterial insufficiency. Accurate pulse assessment helps differentiate PAD from other vascular conditions. Normal pulse documentation is critical to diagnosis.

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The nurse is following up with a male client diagnosed 3 months ago with erectile dysfunction who attempted lifestyle modifications as the first line of treatment.The client reports having continued symptoms.The nurse should discuss which of the following types of treatment with the client next?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing four clients at the neighborhood clinic.Which of these clients should the nurse identify to be at risk for the development of pernicious anemia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a client suspected of having peripheral artery disease (PAD) in the legs.Which of the following findings should the nurse expect during the assessment?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse is following up with a male client diagnosed 3 months ago with erectile dysfunction who attempted lifestyle modifications as the first line of treatment.
The client reports having continued symptoms.
The nurse should discuss which of the following types of treatment with the client next?