The nurse is caring for a patient with psoriasis who is prescribed phototherapy. Which information should the nurse provide to the patient about phototherapy?

Explanation: The presence of at least 3 typical psoriasis plaques on the body is one of the essential diagnostic criteria for confirming psoriasis. These plaques are characterized by well-defined, erythematous (red), raised lesions with silvery-white scales.

Incorrect choices: a. Positive skin biopsy showing eosinophils infiltration: While a skin biopsy may be performed to support the diagnosis of psoriasis, the presence of eosinophils is not specific to psoriasis and can be found in various skin conditions.

b. Family history of autoimmune diseases: A family history of autoimmune diseases may increase the risk of developing psoriasis, but it is not a definitive diagnostic criterion for the condition.

d. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) on blood test: An elevated ESR can indicate inflammation in the body, but it is not specific to psoriasis and may be present in other inflammatory conditions as well.

Explanation: Taking long, hot baths can actually worsen psoriasis by drying out the skin and triggering flare-ups. Instead, patients with psoriasis should take short, lukewarm baths or showers to avoid exacerbating the condition.

Incorrect choices: a. Moisturizing the skin regularly is an essential part of psoriasis management to prevent dryness and scaling.

b. Avoiding fragranced soaps and lotions can help minimize skin irritation and sensitivity, which is beneficial for patients with psoriasis.

c. Applying sunscreen before going outside is important, as exposure to UV rays can trigger or worsen psoriasis. Sun protection helps prevent further skin damage.