The nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who suddenly develops shortness of breath, jugular venous distention, and edema in the face, neck, and arms.
The nurse promptly notifies the healthcare provider that the patient is exhibiting signs of which oncologic emergency?

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS).

Hypercalcemia.

Spinal cord compression.

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS).

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) results from the rapid breakdown of cancer cells, leading to metabolic imbalances such as hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, and hypocalcemia. Symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, muscle cramps, and arrhythmias. TLS is a metabolic emergency seen in high-turnover cancers like leukemia or lymphoma and is not associated with symptoms like jugular venous distention or edema in the face, neck, and arms.

Choice B rationale

Hypercalcemia, often due to bone metastasis or certain paraneoplastic syndromes, presents with symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, constipation, nausea, polyuria, and polydipsia. It is not related to the symptoms described in the question, which are indicative of a different oncologic emergency.

Choice C rationale

Spinal cord compression occurs when a tumor compresses the spinal cord, leading to symptoms like severe back pain, weakness, sensory changes, and autonomic dysfunction. It does not explain the symptoms of jugular venous distention, facial, neck, and arm edema.

Choice D rationale

Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) occurs when a tumor compresses the superior vena cava, leading to decreased venous return from the upper body. Symptoms include shortness of breath, jugular venous distention, and edema of the face, neck, and arms due to impaired blood flow. This is an oncologic emergency requiring prompt intervention to reduce the obstruction.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is ["675"]

Explanation

Step 1 is (198 ÷ 2.2) × 15 = 1350 mg/day.

Step 2 is 1350 ÷ 2 = 675 mg/dose.

A. Insert nasogastric tube and begin enteral feeding. B. Teach the patient to increase protein intake and to eat five to seven times a day. C. Implement strict NPO status and initiate total parenteral nutrition (TPN). D. Teach the patient to rinse their mouth with alcohol-based mouthwash prior to meals.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

For a client with severe malnutrition, immediate intervention is necessary to address nutritional deficiencies. Inserting a nasogastric tube and beginning enteral feeding is the first step to provide essential nutrients, stabilize the patient's condition, and prevent further complications from malnutrition.

Choice B rationale

Teaching the patient to increase protein intake and to eat more frequently is important but not the immediate priority in a case of severe malnutrition. This can be addressed after initial stabilization and nutritional support.

Choice C rationale

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is an option for patients who cannot tolerate enteral feeding, but initiating strict NPO status without first attempting enteral feeding is not the best initial approach. Enteral feeding is generally preferred if the gastrointestinal tract is functional.

Choice D rationale

Rinsing the mouth with alcohol-based mouthwash before meals is not a priority in managing severe malnutrition. It does not address the immediate need for nutritional support and could be harmful if ingested.

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The nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who suddenly develops shortness of breath, jugular venous distention, and edema in the face, neck, and arms.The nurse promptly notifies the healthcare provider that the patient is exhibiting signs of which oncologic emergency?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is preparing to administer vancomycin 15 mg/kg/day divided equally every 12 hours to a patient with neutropenic fever. The patient weighs 198 lb. How many mg will the nurse administer with each dose? Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Write numerical answer only - no units.

Correct Answer is ["675"]

Explanation

A client with severe malnutrition is admitted to the hospital.Which intervention should the nurse implement first?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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The nurse is caring for a patient with lung cancer who suddenly develops shortness of breath, jugular venous distention, and edema in the face, neck, and arms.
The nurse promptly notifies the healthcare provider that the patient is exhibiting signs of which oncologic emergency?