The nurse is assessing a young adult female who is 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm) and has a body mass index (BMI) score of 32 kg/m2. Based on this BMI, what should the nurse deduce about this client's general health?

Reference Range: Body Mass Index (BMI) [Normal 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2]

Obese, serious threat to well-being.

Appropriate weight for height, good general health.

Extreme obesity, at risk for multiple co-morbidities.

Undernutrition, at risk for malnutrition.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Obese, serious threat to well-being: A BMI of 32 kg/m² places the client in the category of obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²). Obesity is a significant health concern associated with increased risks for various conditions such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and certain cancers. The client's BMI indicates that she is obese, which poses a serious threat to her overall well-being and health.

B) Appropriate weight for height, good general health: This is incorrect because a BMI of 32 kg/m² does not fall within the normal range of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m². The client is not at an appropriate weight for her height and is not considered to be in good general health based on this BMI.

C) Extreme obesity, at risk for multiple co-morbidities: While a BMI of 32 kg/m² does indicate obesity, it does not reach the threshold for extreme obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²). Therefore, the client is not categorized as extremely obese, although she is still at risk for several co-morbidities associated with obesity.

D) Undernutrition, at risk for malnutrition: This is incorrect because a BMI of 32 kg/m² is indicative of excess weight, not undernutrition or malnutrition. The client's BMI suggests an over-nutrition status rather than undernutrition.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The symptoms described, including gnawing epigastric pain that worsens when hungry and improves after eating, are classic manifestations of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). Peptic ulcers are erosions in the mucosal lining of the stomach or duodenum, often caused by Helicobacter pylori infection or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The pain typically occurs when the stomach is empty and is relieved by food intake due to the buffering effect of food on gastric acid. This pattern of pain is known as "hunger pain" or "meal-related pain" and is characteristic of PUD.

A. Esophagitis:
Esophagitis refers to inflammation of the esophagus, often due to reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. Symptoms may include heartburn, difficulty swallowing, and chest pain, but the pain is typically not related to hunger and food intake as described in the scenario.

C. Gastroesophageal reflux (GERD):
GERD involves the reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and chest pain. While GERD can cause epigastric discomfort, the described pattern of pain worsening with hunger and improving after eating is more indicative of PUD.

D. Chronic pancreatitis:
Chronic pancreatitis is characterized by inflammation and irreversible damage to the pancreas, leading to persistent abdominal pain, often radiating to the back. While epigastric pain is a feature of chronic pancreatitis, the relief of pain after eating is not typically seen, making it less likely in this scenario.

A. Papules. B. Excoriation. C. Wheals. D. Fissuring.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Papules: Papules are small, raised, solid bumps on the skin that are typically less than 1 centimeter in diameter. They can be a result of various skin conditions, but they are not specifically associated with allergic reactions to insect bites.

B) Excoriation: Excoriation refers to a scratch or abrasion on the surface of the skin, often resulting from scratching due to itching. While this can occur secondary to an allergic reaction, it is not a primary characteristic of such reactions.

C) Wheals: Wheals, also known as hives or urticaria, are raised, red or skin-colored welts on the skin that often itch and can appear rapidly in response to an allergen such as an insect bite. They are a characteristic feature of allergic reactions and are caused by the release of histamine.

D) Fissuring: Fissuring refers to deep cracks or splits in the skin. While it can occur in various skin conditions, it is not a typical manifestation of an allergic reaction to an insect bite.

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The nurse is assessing a young adult female who is 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm) and has a body mass index (BMI) score of 32 kg/m2. Based on this BMI, what should the nurse deduce about this client's general health? Reference Range: Body Mass Index (BMI) [Normal 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2]

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An adult client presents with gnawing epigastric pain. The pain is worse when the client is hungry and abates after eating something. Which problem do these symptoms suggest?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

An adult client exhibits an allergic reaction to an insect bite. The nurse should observe the client's skin for which finding?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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The nurse is assessing a young adult female who is 5 feet 5 inches (165 cm) and has a body mass index (BMI) score of 32 kg/m2. Based on this BMI, what should the nurse deduce about this client's general health?

Reference Range: Body Mass Index (BMI) [Normal 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m2]