The nurse has administered 12 units of regular insulin to a client with type 1 diabetes at 0700. Which meal would prevent the client from experiencing hypoglycemia due to this administration?
Breakfast
Supper
Lunch
Snack
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Regular insulin peaks within 2-4 hours after administration. Therefore, to prevent hypoglycemia due to the insulin administered at 0700, the client should eat breakfast within 1-2 hours of insulin administration. This will ensure that there is glucose available in the bloodstream to match the insulin's action and prevent blood sugar levels from dropping too low.
Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, especially for individuals with diabetes. It helps to regulate blood sugar levels throughout the morning and can even help with weight management and overall health.
Skipping breakfast can lead to fluctuations in blood sugar levels and increase the risk of hypoglycemia, especially after insulin administration.
Choice B rationale:
Supper, typically consumed in the evening, would not be timely enough to prevent hypoglycemia due to the 0700 insulin administration. The insulin's peak action would have already subsided by that time, and the client would be at risk for hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) instead.
Choice C rationale:
Lunch, typically consumed around noon, would also be too late to prevent hypoglycemia from the 0700 insulin administration. The insulin's peak action would have already passed, and the client would be more likely to experience hyperglycemia.
Choice D rationale:
A snack, while it can provide some glucose, is not a substitute for a balanced meal like breakfast. Snacks often contain less protein and fiber, which are essential for slowing down glucose absorption and maintaining blood sugar stability. Relying solely on snacks to prevent hypoglycemia is not a reliable strategy for long-term blood sugar management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Sildenafil (Viagra) is a phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor that is primarily used to treat erectile dysfunction. However, it also has vasodilatory effects, meaning it widens blood vessels. This can lead to a significant drop in blood pressure, especially when combined with nitroglycerin, another potent vasodilator.
Nitroglycerin is commonly used to treat chest pain (angina) and heart failure. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in blood vessels, which allows them to widen and increase blood flow to the heart. This can help to relieve chest pain and improve heart function.
When sildenafil and nitroglycerin are taken together, their combined vasodilatory effects can cause a severe drop in blood pressure, known as hypotension. This can lead to a number of serious complications, including: dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, heart attack, stroke.
The risk of hypotension is particularly high in patients who are already taking other medications that can lower blood pressure, such as alpha-blockers or nitrates. It is also important to note that the effects of sildenafil can last for up to 24-48 hours, so it is important to avoid taking nitroglycerin within this timeframe.
Due to the significant risk of hypotension, it is generally recommended that sildenafil be avoided within 24-48 hours of nitroglycerin administration.
Rationales for other choices:
Choice B: Aspirin
Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that is often used to prevent blood clots. It does not have significant vasodilatory effects and does not interact with nitroglycerin in a way that would contraindicate its use.
Choice C: Adenosine
Adenosine is a medication that is used to treat certain types of arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). It can cause a brief drop in blood pressure, but this effect is usually mild and transient. Adenosine does not interact with nitroglycerin in a way that would contraindicate its use.
Choice D: Oxygen
Oxygen is a gas that is often used to treat patients with respiratory problems. It does not have any direct vasodilatory effects and does not interact with nitroglycerin.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) is a chronic lung disease that causes airflow obstruction. While labetalol can cause some bronchoconstriction, it is generally considered safe for use in patients with COPD. However, it's essential to monitor respiratory status closely, especially in those with severe COPD.
Choice B rationale:
Narrow-angle glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP) due to impaired drainage of aqueous humor. Labetalol can exacerbate this condition by further increasing IOP through its beta-blocking effects. This can lead to acute angle-closure glaucoma, a medical emergency that can result in permanent vision loss.
Specific mechanisms by which labetalol can increase IOP:
Reduced aqueous humor production: Beta-blockers like labetalol can decrease the production of aqueous humor, the fluid that maintains eye pressure. While this might seem beneficial, a significant reduction can lead to anterior chamber shallowing, which can mechanically block the drainage angle and trigger angle closure.
Impaired uveoscleral outflow: Beta-blockers can also impair the uveoscleral outflow pathway, an alternative route for aqueous humor drainage that becomes more important in glaucoma patients. This can further contribute to IOP elevation.
Vasoconstriction of ciliary blood vessels: Labetalol's alpha-blocking effects can cause vasoconstriction of the ciliary blood vessels, which supply blood to the ciliary body responsible for aqueous humor production. This can reduce blood flow and indirectly hinder aqueous humor drainage.
Pupillary dilation: Beta-blockers can cause pupillary dilation, which can mechanically narrow the anterior chamber angle and obstruct aqueous humor outflow.
Therefore, labetalol is generally contraindicated in patients with known narrow-angle glaucoma.
Choice C rationale:
Hypertension (high blood pressure) is one of the primary indications for labetalol. It is an effective antihypertensive medication that works by blocking beta receptors, leading to decreased heart rate, contractility, and blood pressure.
Choice D rationale:
Tachycardia (fast heart rate) can also be treated with labetalol due to its beta-blocking effects. It helps to slow down the heart rate and restore a normal rhythm.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.