The nurse assists an older adult man who is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve his glucose control. Which of the following instructions does the nurse give to this individual when he plans to walk more than usual in one day?
Wear sturdy open-toed shoes
Monitor blood glucose levels before and after a walk
Omit antidiabetic medication
Prepare to administer insulin
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Wearing sturdy open-toed shoes is not a good idea for a person with diabetes, as it can expose the feet to injuries or infections that can be hard to heal. The nurse would advise the patient to wear well-fitting, closed-toe shoes that protect the feet and prevent blisters or ulcers.
Choice B reason: Monitoring blood glucose levels before and after a walk is a sensible instruction for a person with diabetes, as physical activity can lower blood glucose levels and affect the need for medication or insulin. The nurse would advise the patient to check his blood glucose levels before and after a walk, and adjust his food intake or medication accordingly.
Choice C reason: Omitting antidiabetic medication is a dangerous instruction for a person with diabetes, as it can cause hyperglycemia or high blood glucose levels that can lead to serious complications. The nurse would advise the patient to take his medication as prescribed, and consult his doctor if he needs to change his dosage.
Choice D reason: Preparing to administer insulin is an unnecessary instruction for a person with type 2 diabetes who is not on insulin therapy, as it can cause hypoglycemia or low blood glucose levels that can be life-threatening. The nurse would advise the patient to follow his doctor's recommendations on whether he needs insulin or not, and how to use it safely.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: A licensed practical nurse is qualified to care for the feet of a client with diabetes is false because foot care for people with diabetes requires specialized training and skills that are beyond the scope of practice of a licensed practical nurse. A registered nurse or a podiatrist should provide foot care for people with diabetes, as they can assess, treat, and prevent foot problems such as ulcers, infections, or nerve damage.
Choice B reason: Onychomycosis is quickly eradicated with antifungal creams or powders is false because onychomycosis, or fungal nail infection, is a stubborn and persistent condition that can take months or years to clear. Antifungal creams or powders are usually not effective for onychomycosis, as they cannot penetrate the nail plate. Oral antifungal medication or laser therapy may be needed to treat onychomycosis.
Choice C reason: Maintaining oral hydration may reduce the incidence of xerosis is true because xerosis, or dry skin, is a common problem for older adults, as their skin produces less oil and moisture. Drinking enough fluids can help hydrate the skin and prevent dryness, itching, cracking, or infection. The recommended fluid intake for older adults is 2400 mL/day, according to the National Council on Aging.
Choice D reason: Ram’s-horn nail should be cut to give a smooth, rounded edge is false because ram’s-horn nail, or onychogryphosis, is a condition where the nail becomes thickened, curved, and distorted. Cutting the nail can be difficult and painful, and may cause bleeding or infection. A podiatrist should trim and file the nail, and treat any underlying causes of the condition.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Corn is not a food that does not increase blood glucose. Corn is a starchy vegetable that contains carbohydrates, which can raise blood glucose levels.
Choice B reason: White bread is not a food that does not increase blood glucose. White bread is made from refined flour, which has a high glycemic index and can spike blood glucose levels.
Choice C reason: Baked beans are not a food that does not increase blood glucose. Baked beans are high in sugar and carbohydrates, which can affect blood glucose levels.
Choice D reason: Broccoli is a food that does not increase blood glucose. Broccoli is a non-starchy vegetable that is low in carbohydrates and high in fiber, which can help regulate blood glucose levels.
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