The LPN/LVN is aware of the drug cycle that begins with the administration of a drug. Which factor(s) would influence the amount of time needed to complete the drug cycle of a drug? Select all that apply.

age

whether the drug is a brand or generic drug

route of administration

Overall health of the patient's organs

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

A. Age: Age affects drug metabolism and excretion. Older adults often have slower metabolism and impaired organ function, which can prolong the drug cycle.

B. Whether the drug is a brand or generic drug: The brand or generic status of a drug does not typically influence the drug cycle. The active ingredients are the same, so the cycle duration remains unaffected.

C. Route of administration: The route of administration significantly influences the onset, intensity, and duration of a drug's action. For example, intravenous drugs act faster than oral drugs.

D. Overall health of the patient's organs: The health of organs like the liver and kidneys is crucial because these organs are involved in the metabolism and excretion of drugs. Compromised organ function can lead to a prolonged drug cycle.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. The patient is experiencing withdrawal symptoms: Withdrawal symptoms occur when a patient stops taking a medication suddenly after long-term use. However, the scenario does not describe withdrawal symptoms, but rather a loss of effectiveness of the medication.

B. The patient is habituated to the medication: Habituation refers to psychological dependence on a medication, which does not directly explain why the medication is no longer effective.

C. The patient is addicted to the medication: Addiction involves compulsive use of a drug despite harmful consequences and does not explain the loss of effectiveness described.

D. The patient is experiencing tolerance: Tolerance occurs when the body becomes accustomed to a drug, and higher doses are needed to achieve the same effect. The scenario describes tolerance, where the patient feels the medication no longer works.

A. Hemoglobin 12 mg/dL B. Glucose 100 mg/dL C. Creatinine 8 mg/dL D. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Hemoglobin 12 mg/dL: Hemoglobin levels reflect the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and are not directly related to kidney function or medication dosage adjustments. This value is within the normal range and does not suggest a need for medication dosage changes.

B. Glucose 100 mg/dL: Blood glucose levels are not directly related to kidney function and do not indicate the need to adjust medication dosages. This value is within normal limits.

C. Creatinine 8 mg/dL: Creatinine levels are a key indicator of kidney function. A creatinine level of 8 mg/dL is significantly elevated, suggesting severe renal impairment. Medications that are excreted by the kidneys may need to be dosed lower or avoided altogether to prevent toxicity.

D. Potassium 4.0 mEq/L: This is a normal potassium level and does not indicate the need for medication dosage adjustments. While potassium levels are important in kidney disease, this specific value does not suggest a dosage change is necessary.

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The LPN/LVN is aware of the drug cycle that begins with the administration of a drug. Which factor(s) would influence the amount of time needed to complete the drug cycle of a drug? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

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