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The client receives 200 mg of a medication on a consistent schedule. How much drug is in the body at 4 half-lives?

387.5

375

393.8

350

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Here's the process for calculating the drug concentration after multiple half-lives:

First half-life: After 1 half-life, 50% of the original dose remains in the body.

200 mg x 0.50 = 100 mg remains after 1 half-life.

Second half-life: After 2 half-lives, 50% of the remaining drug will be eliminated.

100 mg x 0.50 = 50 mg remains after 2 half-lives.

Third half-life: After 3 half-lives, 50% of the remaining drug will be eliminated again.

50 mg x 0.50 = 25 mg remains after 3 half-lives.

Fourth half-life: After 4 half-lives, 50% of the remaining drug will be eliminated once more.

25 mg x 0.50 = 12.5 mg remains after 4 half-lives.

Now, we need to sum up the amount of drug remaining in the body at each half-life:

After 4 half-lives, there are 12.5 mg left from the original dose.

Total drug in the body after 4 half-lives = 200 mg - 12.5 mg = 375 mg.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Hypersensitivity reaction: A hypersensitivity reaction typically involves an immune response where the body reacts to a substance as if it were harmful, leading to symptoms like rashes, swelling, or difficulty breathing. However, low hemoglobin and low white blood cell counts are not typical signs of a hypersensitivity reaction. This would involve more common allergic symptoms like itching or swelling, rather than hematologic changes.

B) Paradoxical reaction: A paradoxical reaction refers to when a medication causes an effect opposite to the expected result. For example, a sedative causing agitation instead of sleepiness. While a paradoxical reaction can involve unexpected effects, the hematologic changes (low hemoglobin and white blood cell counts) in this scenario do not align with this type of response.

C) Idiosyncratic reaction: An idiosyncratic reaction is an unusual or unexpected response to

a medication that is not related to the drug's pharmacologic properties or the dose given. It may be related to genetic factors or other individual differences in how a person metabolizes or responds to the drug. The low hemoglobin and low white blood cell counts in this case are unusual effects of diphenhydramine and suggest an idiosyncratic response, where the client’s body is reacting in an unexpected way to the medication.

D) Anti-cholinergic reaction: Anti-cholinergic reactions are typically related to symptoms caused by the blocking of acetylcholine, such as dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, or constipation. While diphenhydramine has anti-cholinergic properties, the symptoms described (low hemoglobin and white blood cell counts) are not typical of an anti-cholinergic reaction.

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

Identify the desired dose: The doctor has ordered 40 mg of atorvastatin.

Identify the available tablet strength: Each tablet contains 10 mg of atorvastatin.

Set up the calculation: We need to find out how many tablets are needed to administer 40 mg of the medication.

We can use the following formula:

(Desired dose) / (Tablet strength) = Number of tablets

Plug in the values and calculate:

(40 mg) / (10 mg/tablet) = 4 tablets

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The client receives 200 mg of a medication on a consistent schedule. How much drug is in the body at 4 half-lives?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with seasonal allergies takes diphenhydramine at bedtime to help their symptoms. The client develops low hemoglobin low white blood cell counts which is otherwise unexplained. What type of reaction is the client experiencing?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The client is ordered to receive 40 mg of atorvastatin PO daily. In the medication cabinet, you find 10 mg tablets. How many tablets will you administer to the client? (Enter a numerical value only)

Correct Answer is ["4"]

Explanation

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