The nurse is preparing the client for discharge and discussing home medications. What home medications may affect the amount of insulin needed by the client? Select all that apply.
St. John's Wort
Corticosteroids
Ibuprofen
Oral contraceptives
Epinephrine
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
Choice A rationale: St. John's Wort is an herbal supplement that can interact with various medications, including insulin, and may alter blood glucose levels. It can reduce the effectiveness of insulin, leading to decreased blood glucose control. It is essential for the client to inform the healthcare provider about any use of St. John's Wort to adjust the insulin regimen accordingly.
Choice B rationale: Corticosteroids can increase blood glucose levels by promoting insulin resistance and inhibiting insulin action. Clients with diabetes may require adjustments in their insulin dosage while taking corticosteroids to prevent hyperglycemia.
Choice C rationale: Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that does not typically have a direct impact on blood glucose levels in people with diabetes.
Choice D: Oral contraceptives, specifically combination hormonal contraceptives containing estrogen and progestin, can impact blood glucose levels. They may lead to insulin resistance and, in some cases, increase blood glucose levels. The healthcare provider may need to adjust the insulin dosage for better glycemic control.
Choice E rationale: Epinephrine is a hormone that may transiently increase blood glucose levels in response to stress, but it is not a home medication that the client would be taking regularly.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A
Potatoes are incorrect. Potatoes are high in carbohydrates and can cause a rapid increase in blood sugar levels, so they are not the best choice for someone with diabetes trying to avoid refined sugars and carbs.
Choice B
Avocado is correct. Avocado is a good choice for someone with Type 2 diabetes who wants to avoid refined sugars and carbohydrates. Avocado is a healthy source of monounsaturated fats, fibre, and various vitamins and minerals. It has a low glycaemic index and doesn't significantly raise blood sugar levels, making it a suitable option for people with diabetes.
Choice C
Grapes is incorrect: Grapes are a fruit with natural sugars, and although they contain fibre, they can still cause spikes in blood sugar levels.
Choice D
Pretzels are incorrect. Pretzels are usually made from refined flour and are high in simple carbohydrates, causing rapid spikes in blood sugar levels. They are not a good choice for someone with diabetes aiming to avoid refined sugars and carbs.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A
Canned cream of mushroom soup, tuna salad, and water is inappropriate. Canned soups and processed foods like canned cream soups can be high in sodium. Tuna salad might also have added salt.
Choice B
B. Bacon, lettuce, and tomato sandwich, grapes, and skim milk is the appropriate selection. A serum sodium level of 155 mEq/L (155 mmol/L) is higher than the normal reference range (136 to 145 mEq/L or 136 to 145 mmol/L), indicating hypernatremia or high blood sodium levels. In this case, it's important for the client to choose foods that are lower in sodium to help manage their sodium intake.
Choice C
Taco salad, refried beans, low-fat ice cream, and coffee is inappropriate. Taco salad can contain salty ingredients, and refried beans can also be high in sodium. Processed meats and sauces used in tacos can contribute to sodium intake.
Choice D
Chicken salad on toast, fruit-flavoured yogurt, and iced tea is inappropriate. Chicken salad and some breads might contain added salt. Fruit-flavoured yogurts can also have added sugars, and iced tea can vary in sodium content depending on how it's prepared.
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