Patient Data

Exhibits

Nurse reviews data.

For each joint, click to specify what type of range of motion was being assessed based on findings. Each category will have one response.

Joint

Type of Range of Motion

Wrist - able to bend wrist back toward forearm

Abduction Flexion Extension

Adduction

Shoulder - unable to move the arm away from the body

Extension Adduction Flexion

Abduction

Flexion

Adduction

Abduction

Extension

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

WRIST - ABLE TO BEND WRIST BACK TOWARD FOREARM:

Abduction

Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the body's midline. This movement is typically used for fingers, arms, or legs, but not for the wrist. Therefore, this choice is incorrect for the wrist's range of motion.

Flexion

Flexion refers to the bending of a joint that reduces the angle between two body parts. For the wrist, flexion would involve bending the wrist forward, toward the palm of the hand. Since the patient is able to bend the wrist backward (toward the forearm), this is not the correct choice.

Extension

Extension refers to straightening a joint, which increases the angle between the body parts. For the wrist, extension is the movement where the hand moves away from the palm (backward toward the forearm). This is the correct choice because the patient is able to bend the wrist back toward the forearm, which is extension.

Adduction

Adduction refers to the movement of a body part toward the body's midline. This is not relevant to the wrist, so it is an incorrect option.

SHOULDER - UNABLE TO MOVE THE ARM AWAY FROM THE BODY:

Extension

Extension refers to the movement that straightens a joint, increasing the angle between two parts of the body. For the shoulder, this would involve moving the arm behind the body, and it's not the movement of the arm away from the body, so this is not the correct choice.

Adduction

Adduction refers to moving a body part toward the midline of the body. For the shoulder, this would involve moving the arm closer to the body. This does not correspond to the action of moving the arm away from the body, so this is not the correct choice either.

Flexion

Flexion refers to the bending of a joint that decreases the angle between two body parts. For the shoulder, this would involve raising the arm forward, not moving it away from the body. This is not the correct choice for the described movement.

Abduction

Abduction refers to the movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. In this case, the shoulder movement of moving the arm away from the body is abduction. Since the client is unable to move the arm away from the body (i.e., is experiencing weakness or limited ROM), the shoulder’s range of motion has a restriction in abduction.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Bronchitis may cause wheezing, but it typically presents with a productive cough and can be associated with fever, which this client does not have. The absence of a productive cough and the degree of difficulty breathing suggest another condition.
B. Asthma is the most likely diagnosis. The client’s wheezing, decreased tactile fremitus, prolonged expirations, and history of exercise-induced symptoms are consistent with an asthma exacerbation. Asthma often presents with wheezing and difficulty breathing, especially during or after physical exertion.
C. Pneumonia typically presents with fever, chills, productive cough, and localized lung findings, which are not present in this client. The lack of fever and the presence of wheezing make pneumonia unlikely.
D. Pneumothorax may cause dyspnea and decreased breath sounds, but the wheezing, prolonged expirations, and history of exertion suggest asthma as the primary concern. A pneumothorax would typically present with more abrupt onset and significant breath sounds asymmetry, which is not seen in this case.

A. Frozen, non-movable phalangeal joints. B. Distal interphalangeal joint nodules that deviate. C. Proximal intertarsal joint swelling of big toe. D. Non-painful enlarged interphalangeal joints.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Frozen or non-movable joints typically refer to severe joint damage such as in cases of rheumatoid arthritis or advanced osteoarthritis, but Heberden's nodes are characterized by bony growths at the distal interphalangeal joints and do not indicate frozen joints.
B. Heberden's nodes are bony enlargements found at the distal interphalangeal joints. However, they are not typically associated with deviation of the joints, which might occur with other conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
C. Proximal intertarsal joint swelling, particularly of the big toe, is more likely associated with gout, not osteoarthritis. Heberden's nodes specifically refer to changes in the distal interphalangeal joints of the fingers.
D. Heberden's nodes are typically non-painful enlargements of the distal interphalangeal joints that result from osteoarthritis. The nurse should document the presence of these nodes and note if they are non-painful.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

During a health assessment, the client reports being treated for osteoarthritis. The nurse examines a client's hands and finds Heberden's nodes. Which finding should the nurse document in the client's medical record?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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