Which of the following would be the most appropriate play activity for a 3-year-old in a spica cast, considering both safety and development?
Marbles
Watching a movie
Game of checkers
Playing with a toy telephone
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
Marbles are not a safe play activity for a 3-year-old in a spica cast. Marbles are small and can pose a choking hazard. Additionally, playing with marbles requires fine motor skills and movement that may be restricted by the cast.
Choice B Reason:
Watching a movie is a safe activity but does not provide developmental benefits. While it can keep the child entertained, it does not engage the child in active play or promote cognitive and motor development.
Choice C Reason:
A game of checkers may be too advanced for a 3-year-old. It requires understanding of rules and strategic thinking, which may be beyond the developmental stage of a child this age. Additionally, it may not be engaging enough to hold the child’s attention.
Choice D Reason:
Playing with a toy telephone is an appropriate activity for a 3-year-old in a spica cast. It is safe and can be done while the child is in a stationary position. This activity encourages imaginative play and can help with language development and social skills.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","D"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Facial edema is a common clinical manifestation of nephrotic syndrome in children. This occurs due to the retention of fluid in the tissues, which is a result of the kidneys leaking protein into the urine (proteinuria). The loss of protein reduces the oncotic pressure in the blood vessels, leading to fluid accumulation in the interstitial spaces, particularly noticeable around the eyes and face.
Choice B Reason:
Cloudy smoky brown-colored urine is not typically associated with nephrotic syndrome. This symptom is more indicative of hematuria, which is the presence of blood in the urine. Hematuria is more commonly seen in conditions such as glomerulonephritis rather than nephrotic syndrome.
Choice C Reason:
Weight loss is not a characteristic symptom of nephrotic syndrome. In fact, children with nephrotic syndrome often experience weight gain due to fluid retention. The accumulation of fluid in the body can lead to an increase in weight, rather than a loss.
Choice D Reason:
Frothy appearing urine is a hallmark sign of nephrotic syndrome. The frothiness is due to the high levels of protein being excreted in the urine (proteinuria). When protein is present in the urine, it can cause the urine to appear foamy or frothy.
Correct Answer is ["20"]
Explanation
Calculation Steps
Step 1: Determine the child’s weight in kg.
- Weight = 23 kg
Step 2: Determine the time period in hours.
- Time = 60 minutes = 1 hour
Step 3: Calculate the bolus rate in mL/kg/hour.
- Bolus rate (mL/kg/hour) = Total volume (mL) ÷ (Weight × Time)
Step 4: Assume a standard bolus volume for severe dehydration, which is typically 20 mL/kg.
- Total volume = 20 mL/kg × 23 kg = 460 mL
Step 5: Calculate the bolus rate.
- Bolus rate (mL/kg/hour) = 460 mL ÷ (23 kg × 1 hour) = 20 mL/kg/hour
Result
The bolus rate to be given to the severely dehydrated child is 20 mL/kg/hour.
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