Ms. Jackson has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and her capillary refill time takes more than 4 seconds. She is diagnosed with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid base disorder is shown?

Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Partial compensation would typically involve a change in PaCO2 to counterbalance the elevated bicarbonate, which is not observed here.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which is not consistent with the given values.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation, which is not the case here.

Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. The elevated pH and HCO3 with a normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis without respiratory compensation. Persistent vomiting can lead to loss of stomach acid, which causes metabolic alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This is incorrect. While gentle hair care is important, it is not as critical as sun protection for SLE patients.

Choice B reason: This is incorrect. Powder can be drying, and SLE patients often need to keep their skin moisturized.

Choice C reason: This is correct. SLE patients are often photosensitive and need to protect their skin from UV rays.

Choice D reason: This is incorrect. SLE patients should keep their skin well moisturized to prevent dryness.

A. Tingling in the arms B. Shoulder pain C. Muscle spasms D. Stiff neck E. Low back pain

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Tingling in the arms can occur due to nerve compression caused by the herniated disc. This is a common symptom known as radicular pain, which can radiate from the neck down to the arms and hands.

Choice B reason: Shoulder pain is another expected finding, as the nerves affected by a cervical herniated disc can cause pain to radiate into the shoulders.

Choice C reason: Muscle spasms may be a reflexive response to the pain and inflammation caused by the herniated disc, as the body attempts to stabilize the affected area.

Choice D reason: A stiff neck can result from the muscle tension and reduced range of motion due to the pain and inflammation associated with a herniated cervical disc.

Choice E reason: Low back pain is not typically associated with a herniated cervical disc, as cervical discs are located in the neck region. Low back pain would be more indicative of a lumbar spine issue.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a herniated cervical intervertebral disc. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke involving the right cerebral hemisphere. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings?

A nurse is performing an integumentary assessment for a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as possible squamous cell carcinoma?

A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving IV fluids to correct dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values should indicate to the nurse that the patient is effectively responding to treatment?

A nurse is planning care for a client who is to receive packed RBCs. The nurse should plan for the total infusion time to not exceed which of the following?

A nurse is assessing a client who reports ear pain for the past three days that has suddenly resolved. The client has a new onset of otorrhea (drainage from the ear). The nurse should recognize the client has manifestations of which of the following conditions?

A nurse is performing an integumentary assessment for a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as possible squamous cell carcinoma?

A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious and has a breathing pattern characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea. The nurse should document that the client has which of the following respiratory alterations?