Ms. Jackson has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and her capillary refill time takes more than 4 seconds. She is diagnosed with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid base disorder is shown?

Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Partial compensation would typically involve a change in PaCO2 to counterbalance the elevated bicarbonate, which is not observed here.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which is not consistent with the given values.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation, which is not the case here.

Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. The elevated pH and HCO3 with a normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis without respiratory compensation. Persistent vomiting can lead to loss of stomach acid, which causes metabolic alkalosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Weight bearing exercises, such as walking, jogging, and dancing, are beneficial for building and maintaining bone density. These activities force the body to work against gravity, stimulating bone formation and slowing bone loss.

Choice B reason: While bone density scans are useful for diagnosing osteoporosis, they are not typically used as a preventive measure but rather as a diagnostic tool to assess bone health.

Choice C reason: Drinking coffee in moderation is not directly related to preventing osteoporosis. Excessive caffeine intake can interfere with calcium absorption, but a single cup is unlikely to have a significant impact.

Choice D reason: Increasing sodium intake is not recommended as it can lead to calcium loss through urine, which is counterproductive for bone health.

A. Dehydration B. Burns C. Shivering D. Seizures

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Dehydration is a concern with fever, but it is not a direct complication of hypothermia blanket therapy. It is important to ensure adequate hydration, but the primary concern with hypothermia therapy is not dehydration.

Choice B reason: Burns could occur if the hypothermia blanket malfunctions or is used improperly. However, modern devices have safety features to prevent burns, making this a less likely complication.

Choice C reason: Shivering is a natural response to cooling and can occur as the body attempts to generate heat in response to the lowered temperature from the hypothermia blanket. It can be counterproductive to the therapy and may need to be controlled with medications.

Choice D reason: Seizures are not a typical complication of hypothermia blanket therapy. While meningitis can cause seizures due to inflammation of the brain, the hypothermia blanket itself does not induce seizures.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is talking with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Which health promotion activity should the nurse recommend as a possible preventive measure?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has meningitis and a temperature of 39.7°C (103.5°F). The client is prescribed a hypothermia blanket. While using this therapy, the nurse should know that the client must be carefully observed for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving packed RBCs. The nurse identifies which of the following as an expected finding?

A nurse is assigned to care for a client diagnosed with autoimmune or idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). When reviewing the client's plan of care prior to caring for the client, the nurse should recognize that the priority concern in caring for the client is to monitor for:

A nurse is caring for a client who is unconscious and has a breathing pattern characterized by alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea. The nurse should document that the client has which of the following respiratory alterations?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who reports low back pain and asks the nurse for specific exercise recommendations. Which of the following activities should the nurse suggest?

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a patient with a deep laceration on his left lower forearm. After observing standard precautions, which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Which of the following complications is the priority for the nurse to monitor?

A client is about to undergo an abdominal paracentesis. In which of the following positions should the nurse place the client?