Ms. Jackson has been suffering from persistent vomiting for two days. She appears to be lethargic and weak and has myalgia. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and her capillary refill time takes more than 4 seconds. She is diagnosed with gastroenteritis and dehydration. Measurement of arterial blood gas shows pH 7.5, PaO2 85 mm Hg, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, and HCO3 34 mmol/L. What acid base disorder is shown?

Metabolic Alkalosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Acidosis, Partially Compensated

Respiratory Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Metabolic Alkalosis, Uncompensated

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Partial compensation would typically involve a change in PaCO2 to counterbalance the elevated bicarbonate, which is not observed here.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory acidosis is characterized by a low pH and an elevated PaCO2, which is not consistent with the given values.

Choice C reason: This choice is incorrect. Respiratory alkalosis would present with a low PaCO2 due to hyperventilation, which is not the case here.

Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. The elevated pH and HCO3 with a normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis without respiratory compensation. Persistent vomiting can lead to loss of stomach acid, which causes metabolic alkalosis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: While excessive alcohol consumption is a well known cause of liver cirrhosis, it is not typically associated with biliary cirrhosis1.

Choice B reason: Hepatotoxic medications can lead to liver damage, but they are not the primary cause of biliary cirrhosis1.

Choice C reason: Obstruction of the bile duct is a direct cause of biliary cirrhosis, as it can lead to bile accumulation and liver damage1.

Choice D reason: Hepatitis C can cause liver cirrhosis, but it is not a direct cause of biliary cirrhosis1

A. Painless, raised purple nodules on the hard palate. B. A small macule with a yellow-brown scale. C. A firm nodule with a hard crust. D. Yellow white patches of growth on the tongue.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This choice is incorrect. Painless, raised purple nodules on the hard palate are not typically indicative of squamous cell carcinoma.

Choice B reason: This choice is incorrect. A small macule with a yellow-brown scale does not describe squamous cell carcinoma, which often presents as a firm nodule with a scaly crust.

Choice C reason: This is the correct choice. Squamous cell carcinoma can present as a firm nodule with a hard, scaly crust on the skin.

Choice D reason: Yellow white patches of growth on the tongue are more indicative of conditions such as oral leukoplakia, not squamous cell carcinoma.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about the causes of biliary cirrhosis. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is performing an integumentary assessment for a client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as possible squamous cell carcinoma?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is planning care for a female client who has a T4 spinal cord injury and is at risk for acquiring urinary tract infections. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A nurse is evaluating the laboratory report for a client who has severe diarrhea and a fever. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has a parasitic infection rather than a bacterial infection?

A nurse is assessing a client who reports ear pain for the past three days that has suddenly resolved. The client has a new onset of otorrhea (drainage from the ear). The nurse should recognize the client has manifestations of which of the following conditions?

A nurse suspects a client with myasthenia gravis is experiencing a myasthenic crisis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?

A nurse is planning care for a client who is to receive packed RBCs. The nurse should plan for the total infusion time to not exceed which of the following?

A nurse in a Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU) is assessing a client who has a newly created colostomy. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?

A nurse is caring for a client who is two hours postoperative following a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) gland. Which of the following assessments should the nurse view as an indication of a postoperative complication?