Maria is a newly graduated counselor who is developing her practices and procedures. She must state which theoretical orientation she will draw her counseling strategies from During her graduate school classes, Maria agreed that a person's personalities are basically good, and that, given the right conditions people can be helped to reach their potential. Which psychological school of thought does Maria most favor?
Functionalist
Gestalt
Humanistic
Psychodynamic
The Correct Answer is C
A. Functionalism focuses on the functions of consciousness and behavior, but it is not based on the idea of personal growth or goodness.
B. Gestalt psychology emphasizes perception and understanding the whole, rather than focusing on personality traits or personal growth.
C. Humanistic psychology emphasizes personal growth, self-actualization, and the inherent goodness of people, making it the most fitting school for Maria's orientation.
D. Psychodynamic theory, founded by Freud, focuses on unconscious processes and early life experiences, which does not align with Maria's view of personal potential.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Jack's emphasis on honesty, including modeling truthful behavior, suggests that he hopes his children will develop a strong sense of ethical values, such as altruism or the desire to help others.
B. Accommodating refers to adjusting one's behavior to please others, which is not the main focus of Jack's values.
C. Reserved refers to being introverted or keeping emotions to oneself, which is not directly related to the value of honesty.
D. Distant refers to being emotionally disconnected, which is not in line with the value of modeling truthful and open behavior.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The fundamental attribution error occurs when people overemphasize internal factors (such as someone's personality) and overlook external factors (such as life events or situational context). Alex mistakenly attributes Diego's withdrawn mood to something she did, ignoring the external factor of the baseball news.
B. Poor judgment could be a broader category, but the specific error here is related to attribution.
C. Stereotype error refers to applying a generalization or stereotype to a situation, which is not the case here.
D. Cognitive dissonance involves discomfort caused by holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors, which doesn't fit this situation.
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