Furosemide is prescribed for a client with a history of heart failure (HF). Which foods should the nurse encourage this client to eat?

Pasta, cereal, and bread.

Cheese, milk, and yogurt.

Liver, beef, and chicken.

Bananas, oranges, and peaches.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A Reason:

Pasta, cereal, and bread are not particularly rich in potassium, which is important for clients taking furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause the body to lose potassium, so it is essential to consume potassium-rich foods to maintain normal levels. These foods are more carbohydrate-based and do not provide the necessary potassium.

Choice B Reason:

Cheese, milk, and yogurt are good sources of calcium and protein but are not the best sources of potassium. While dairy products do contain some potassium, they are not as rich in potassium as fruits like bananas, oranges, and peaches. Additionally, clients with heart failure may need to monitor their intake of dairy products due to their sodium content.

Choice C Reason:

Liver, beef, and chicken are excellent sources of protein and iron but are not particularly high in potassium. While these foods are beneficial for overall nutrition, they do not address the specific need for increased potassium intake in clients taking furosemide.

Choice D Reason:

Bananas, oranges, and peaches are rich in potassium, which is crucial for clients taking furosemide. Furosemide can lead to hypokalemia (low potassium levels), and consuming potassium-rich foods helps to counteract this effect. Potassium is vital for maintaining normal heart function and muscle contractions. Including these fruits in the diet can help prevent the adverse effects of low potassium levels, such as muscle weakness, cramps, and arrhythmias.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Administering a PRN dose of an antianxiety drug might seem like a reasonable action if the tremors are related to anxiety. However, without a clear indication that anxiety is the cause of the tremors, this action could mask the underlying issue and delay appropriate treatment. It is essential to identify the root cause of the tremors before administering any medication.

Choice B reason:

Obtaining orthostatic blood pressure readings is a useful assessment for determining if the client has orthostatic hypotension, which can cause dizziness and fainting. However, this action is not directly related to the complaint of hand tremors. While it is a good practice to monitor vital signs, it does not address the immediate concern of tremors caused by pregabalin.

Choice C reason:

Notifying the healthcare provider is the most appropriate action. Tremors can be a side effect of pregabalin12. The healthcare provider needs to be informed to evaluate the severity of the side effect and decide whether to adjust the medication dosage or switch to an alternative treatment. This ensures that the client receives the most appropriate care and avoids potential complications.

Choice D reason:

Collecting a capillary glucose level is important for clients with diabetes or those at risk of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. However, there is no indication in the scenario that the client has diabetes or that blood glucose levels are related to the tremors. Therefore, this action is not directly relevant to the client’s current complaint.

A. Observe bowel movement pattern and take a stool softener. B. Do not drink grapefruit juice after taking morphine. C. Take the benzodiazepine at the same time as taking the morphine. D. Watch for signs of agitation and record any insomnia.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason

Morphine, an opioid analgesic, is commonly prescribed for severe pain management, such as in cases of metastatic cancer. One of the well-known side effects of morphine is constipation. This occurs because opioids slow down gastrointestinal motility, leading to harder and less frequent stools. Therefore, it is crucial for patients taking morphine to monitor their bowel movements and use stool softeners or laxatives as needed to prevent constipation. This choice indicates that the client understands the importance of managing this common side effect, which can significantly impact their comfort and quality of life.

Choice B Reason

Grapefruit juice is known to interact with various medications by inhibiting the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) enzyme in the liver, which can lead to increased blood levels of certain drugs. However, morphine is primarily metabolized by the liver enzyme UGT2B7, not CYP3A4. Therefore, grapefruit juice does not significantly affect morphine metabolism. This choice reflects a misunderstanding of the specific interactions relevant to morphine.

Choice C Reason

Taking a benzodiazepine at the same time as morphine can be dangerous due to the risk of additive central nervous system (CNS) depression. Both morphine and benzodiazepines can cause sedation, respiratory depression, and impaired cognitive and motor functions. Concurrent use increases the risk of severe side effects, including potentially life-threatening respiratory depression. This choice indicates a lack of understanding of the risks associated with combining these medications.

Choice D Reason

While it is important to monitor for signs of agitation and insomnia, these are not the primary concerns associated with morphine use. Morphine is more likely to cause sedation rather than agitation, and insomnia is not a common side effect. This choice does not reflect a comprehensive understanding of the primary side effects and necessary precautions related to morphine use.

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Furosemide is prescribed for a client with a history of heart failure (HF). Which foods should the nurse encourage this client to eat?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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