Appendicitis is the most common reason for emergency abdominal surgery.

Choice A rationale

Glyburide does not stimulate glucose uptake directly in skeletal muscles. Instead, it acts on pancreatic beta cells, affecting insulin release. Enhancing muscular glucose uptake occurs through insulin’s action downstream.

Choice B rationale

Glyburide does not primarily increase insulin sensitivity. Agents like metformin work to sensitize cells to insulin, but Glyburide functions by stimulating endogenous insulin release.

Choice C rationale

Glyburide stimulates insulin release from pancreatic beta cells by closing ATP-sensitive potassium channels, leading to calcium influx and insulin secretion. This increases circulating insulin, aiding glucose uptake and reducing blood glucose levels.

Choice D rationale

Glyburide does not inhibit carbohydrate breakdown in the intestines. Medications like alpha-glucosidase inhibitors target intestinal enzymes to slow carbohydrate digestion, unlike Glyburide’s pancreatic action.

Choice A rationale

Removing the external fixator for a shower could compromise stabilization of the fracture. External fixators are designed to be left in place to maintain proper alignment and provide structural support for healing bones. Removing the device could introduce unnecessary risks, including increased mobility and potential damage to the fracture site.

Choice B rationale

Prolonged bed rest is not indicated for patients with external fixation devices unless medically necessary. Prolonged immobility can lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis, muscle atrophy, or joint stiffness. Mobilization should be encouraged as tolerated to support recovery.

Choice C rationale

Proper cleaning of pin insertion sites prevents infection, a major risk with external fixation devices. Using sterile technique to clean the sites daily reduces bacterial colonization. Monitoring for signs of infection such as redness or drainage is critical to avoid osteomyelitis or systemic spread.

Choice D rationale

Prophylactic antibiotics are typically administered perioperatively but are not continued until device removal unless there are specific complications. Prolonged antibiotic use can lead to antimicrobial resistance and should only be used as clinically indicated to prevent or treat infection.