An unresponsive victim of a diving accident is brought to the emergency department where it is determined that immediate surgery is required to save the client's life. The client is accompanied by a close friend, but no family members are available. Which action should the nurse take first?

Ask the client's friend to sign the informed consent since the client is unresponsive.

Notify the unit manager that an emergency court order is needed to allow surgery.

Carry on with surgical preparation of the client without a signed informed consent.

Continue to provide life support until a thorough search for a guardian is completed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale

A. The client's friend may not legally be authorized to provide consent unless they hold medical power of attorney or legal guardianship for the client. Without documentation of such authority, the friend cannot sign the informed consent.

B. In emergency situations where a patient lacks decision-making capacity and there is no available legal guardian or next of kin to provide consent, hospitals may seek a court order to proceed with necessary treatment. However, this could delay emergency treatment.

C. This is based on the legal and ethical understanding that saving the patient's life takes precedence when immediate action is required and consent cannot be obtained.

D. Providing life support ensures that the client's immediate medical needs are addressed while efforts are made to locate a legal guardian. However, unavailability of next of kin should not delay definitive intervention

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale

A This statement is incorrect for diabetes management. People with diabetes should avoid soaking their feet in hot water, as it can lead to burns and skin damage, which is particularly risky due to potential nerve damage (neuropathy) and poor circulation common in diabetes.

B. This statement demonstrates good understanding. Alcohol can affect blood sugar levels and should be consumed in moderation by people with diabetes. Limiting intake to 1-2 drinks per day (following healthcare provider's advice) is generally recommended to minimize the impact on blood sugar levels and overall health.

C. Exercise is crucial for managing blood glucose levels in people with diabetes. Physical activity helps muscles use glucose for energy and can lower blood sugar levels. Understanding the importance of regular exercise is key for effective diabetes management.

D. While keeping wounds covered is generally good advice to prevent infection, using antibiotic ointment on every wound is not necessary unless specifically advised by a healthcare professional. Proper wound care, including cleaning with mild soap and water, keeping the wound clean and dry, and seeking medical attention for any signs of infection

A. Clarify that all STIs are transmitted through sexual intercourse. B. Explain that reinfections occur from sex with untreated partners. C. Provide counseling that most contraceptives protect against infection. D. Emphasize that using safe sex practices removes the risk of STIs.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale

A. This statement is partially true as most sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including syphilis, are primarily transmitted through sexual intercourse. However, not all STIs are exclusively transmitted through sexual contact.

B. Syphilis is caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum and can be transmitted through direct contact with a syphilitic sore (chancre) during vaginal, anal, or oral sex. If a person has syphilis and engages in unprotected sex with a partner who is not treated, they can potentially contract or transmit the infection again, leading to reinfection.

C. While contraceptives such as condoms provide protection against unintended pregnancy and some STIs, including syphilis, they do not offer complete protection against all STIs. Condoms are effective in reducing the risk of transmission of syphilis when used consistently and correctly, but they are not 100% protective.

D. Using safe sex practices, such as consistent and correct use of condoms, reduces the risk of acquiring or transmitting STIs, including syphilis. Safe sex practices also include mutual monogamy and regular testing for STIs, especially for those who have multiple sexual partners or engage in high-risk sexual behaviors.

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An unresponsive victim of a diving accident is brought to the emergency department where it is determined that immediate surgery is required to save the client's life. The client is accompanied by a close friend, but no family members are available. Which action should the nurse take first?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing teaching to a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus about important points for disease and symptom management. Which response by the client indicates understanding?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client with the sexually transmitted infection (STI) syphilis. The client reports having unprotected sex. Which response should the nurse provide?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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