An older adult male arrives at the healthcare center with lower abdominal discomfort and frequent urination. The nurse asks the client to provide a urine sample. After an extended period of time, the client returns with only a few drops of urine. Which action should the nurse implement?

Give the client 8 ounces (236.5 mL) of water to drink.

Evaluate the client for bladder distention.

Instruct the client to attempt to urinate again.

Send the sample for laboratory evaluation.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Give the client 8 ounces (236.5 mL) of water to drink:
While encouraging hydration is important for overall urinary function, providing water to drink may not immediately address the client's current situation of difficulty providing a urine sample. It's essential to first determine if bladder distention is contributing to the client's symptoms.

B. Evaluate the client for bladder distention:
Given the client's symptoms of lower abdominal discomfort and difficulty providing a urine sample despite feeling the urge to urinate, bladder distention should be assessed. Bladder distention could indicate urinary retention, which may require intervention to relieve the discomfort and prevent complications such as urinary tract infection or bladder rupture.

C. Instruct the client to attempt to urinate again:
While encouraging the client to attempt to urinate again may be appropriate, it's essential to first assess for bladder distention to determine if there is an underlying issue contributing to the client's difficulty in providing a urine sample.

D. Send the sample for laboratory evaluation:
Sending the urine sample for laboratory evaluation is important for diagnostic purposes, but in this case, it's more important to address the immediate concern of the client's difficulty in providing an adequate sample. Evaluating for bladder distention would help guide further assessment and management.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) Hypogastric region:
The hypogastric region, also known as the suprapubic region, is located below the umbilical region and above the pubic area. Pain in the hypogastric region would be lower in the abdomen than described.

B) Epigastric region:
The epigastric region is located in the upper central part of the abdomen, just below the xiphoid process. Pain localized in the middle section of the abdomen below the xiphoid process is described as occurring in the epigastric region.

C) Umbilical region:
The umbilical region is located around the navel (belly button). Pain in this area would be centered around the umbilicus and not higher up near the xiphoid process.

D) Hypochondriac region:
The hypochondriac regions are located on either side of the epigastric region and below the ribcage. Pain in the hypochondriac region would be more lateral and not centrally located below the xiphoid process.

A. been sleeping well?" B. been depressed lately?" C. had anything to eat in the last 24 hours?" D. ever had problems with your blood sugar?" E. None F. None

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Answer: A. "Have you been sleeping well?"

Rationale:

A) "Have you been sleeping well?": Sleep deprivation can lead to symptoms such as an expressionless facial affect, slurred speech, and red conjunctivae. Assessing for sleep patterns is a priority to rule out this common and reversible cause of the client's symptoms. Sleep deprivation can also exacerbate other underlying conditions.

B) "Have you been depressed lately?": While depression could explain the expressionless affect, it does not typically cause slurred speech or red conjunctivae. Depression can be assessed later if other immediate causes are ruled out.

C) "Have you had anything to eat in the last 24 hours?": Poor nutritional intake could contribute to fatigue or weakness but is less likely to cause all the observed symptoms (expressionless affect, slurred speech, and red conjunctivae). This question is important but not the first priority.

D) "Have you ever had problems with your blood sugar?": Blood sugar imbalances, particularly hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, can cause neurological changes. However, the symptoms described are less specific to blood sugar issues and more indicative of sleep or neurological concerns, making this question less immediately relevant.

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An older adult male arrives at the healthcare center with lower abdominal discomfort and frequent urination. The nurse asks the client to provide a urine sample. After an extended period of time, the client returns with only a few drops of urine. Which action should the nurse implement?

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