Alprazolam is classified as a medication in which of the following drug classes?

Antihypertensives

Antipsychotics

Antidepressants

Benzodiazepines

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Antihypertensives are medications used to manage high blood pressure. Alprazolam is not used for managing blood pressure and does not belong to this category.
B.   Antipsychotics are medications used to treat psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Alprazolam is not used to treat psychosis and does not fall under this category.
C.   Antidepressants are used to treat depression and include classes such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs). Alprazolam is not used primarily to treat depression and is not classified as an antidepressant.
D.   Alprazolam is classified as a benzodiazepine. Benzodiazepines are a class of medications that work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative, anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsant effects.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Drilling holes in the skull to drain fluid is more aligned with procedures for treating conditions like hydrocephalus (accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain) rather than a lobotomy. A lobotomy involves more invasive alterations to brain tissue.
B. In a prefrontal lobotomy, the surgeon would sever the connections between the frontal lobes and other parts of the brain, including the thalamus, to disrupt neural pathways. This was done in an attempt to alter behavior and mood. The procedure aimed to modify the function of the frontal lobes to reduce symptoms of severe mental disorders, but it often had significant and detrimental side effects.
C. This description refers to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), not a lobotomy. ECT involves applying electrical currents to the brain to induce controlled seizures and is used to treat severe depression and other mental health conditions. It is different from the surgical approach of a lobotomy.
D. This description does not accurately describe a lobotomy. The lobotomy procedure involved cutting or damaging brain tissue rather than inserting implants. The insertion of implants into the brain is not characteristic of lobotomy and is not a common practice in the historical context of this procedure.

A. Place wrist restraints on the client to prevent psychomotor agitation. B. Explain to the client why her behavior is inappropriate. C. Move the client to a seclusion room D. Tell the client when he will return and leave the room.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. This is an inappropriate and potentially harmful response. Restraints should be used as a last resort and only under specific circumstances. In this case, they are not necessary and could escalate the situation.
B. Attempting to reason with an agitated client is unlikely to be effective and could further escalate the situation.
C. Seclusion should be used as a last resort and only under specific circumstances. In this case, it is not necessary and could increase the client's agitation and sense of isolation.
D. This is the most appropriate response as it sets a clear boundary, gives the client time to calm down, and allows the nurse to return when the situation is more stable.

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Alprazolam is classified as a medication in which of the following drug classes?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

In the early 20th century, a frontal lobotomy was a common treatment for violent behaviors. Which descriptions procedure is accurate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to change the dressing on the lower leg of an older adult client who is in a wheelchair, and has a history of maladaptive coping skills. The client begins swearing at and verbally abusing the nurse. Which of the following actions should the nurse to take?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A 75-year-old man finds that he continually misplaces items he uses every day. In addition, his wife becomes annoyed when he asks the same question several times because he does not remember the answer. What advice is the most appropriate for his health care provider to give him?

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