A woman who is trying to get pregnant tells the nurse that she was very disappointed several months ago when she was informed that her positive pregnancy test was a false positive. Which method of determining pregnancy provides the greatest degree of accuracy?
Visualization of implantation by vaginal ultrasound.
Maternal blood serum tests positive for alpha-fetoprotein.
Presence of amenorrhea for 2 months.
Reports feeling tired all of the time.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Visualization of implantation by vaginal ultrasound offers the highest accuracy in confirming pregnancy, as it directly visualizes the implanted embryo, eliminating errors associated with biochemical tests.
Choice B rationale
Maternal blood serum tests positive for alpha-fetoprotein do not confirm pregnancy. Alpha-fetoprotein is a marker used primarily for screening fetal abnormalities, not pregnancy determination.
Choice C rationale
The presence of amenorrhea for 2 months can suggest pregnancy but is not definitive due to other potential causes of missed periods, such as hormonal imbalances or stress, reducing its accuracy.
Choice D rationale
Reporting feeling tired all the time is a nonspecific symptom that can result from numerous conditions unrelated to pregnancy, making it an unreliable method for pregnancy determination.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Passive immunity provided by maternal antibodies crossing the placenta and through breast milk protects newborns in the first months of life, offering initial defense against communicable diseases.
Choice B rationale
Antiinfectants effectiveness against microbes does not apply; newborns rely on passive immunity as their adaptive immune system matures, not unresistant antiinfectants.
Choice C rationale
Active immunity develops over several months to years in newborns, as their immune system gradually encounters pathogens and develops specific responses.
Choice D rationale
While neutrophils are part of the innate immune system, they may still be immature and insufficient in preventing infections in neonates without maternal antibody support.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Acidemia in the fetus can result from abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR) patterns. It is indicative of hypoxia and inadequate oxygenation, leading to anaerobic metabolism and accumulation of lactic acid in fetal tissues.
Choice B rationale
Hypoxia can occur due to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypoxia results from insufficient oxygen supply to the fetus, which can lead to metabolic acidosis, impaired organ function, and potential long-term developmental issues.
Choice C rationale
Hypoglycemia is not directly related to abnormal FHR patterns. It is primarily associated with metabolic disturbances such as inadequate glucose supply or insulin regulation in the neonate or fetus.
Choice D rationale
Meconium stool passage can result from fetal hypoxia due to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypoxia increases gastrointestinal peristalsis, leading to the release of meconium into the amniotic fluid, which poses a risk for aspiration.
Choice E rationale
Maternal hypotension can lead to abnormal FHR patterns. Hypotension reduces uteroplacental blood flow, leading to fetal hypoxia and compromised oxygen delivery to the fetus, which can result in fetal distress.
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